The other great class of towns--the franchise towns--differed from the free towns in having a much more limited measure of political and economic independence. They received grants of privileges, or "franchises," from their lord, especially in the way of restrictions of rights of the latter over the persons and property of the inhabitants, but they remained politically subject to the lord and their government was partly or wholly under his control. Their charters set a limit to the lord's arbitrary authority, emancipated such inhabitants as were not already free, gave the citizens the right to move about and to alienate property, substituted money payments for the corvee, and in general made old regulations less burdensome; but as a rule no political rights were conferred. Paris, Tours, Orleans, and other more important cities on the royal domain belonged to this class. The town of Lorris, on the royal domain a short distance east of Orleans, became the common model for the type. Its charter, received from Louis VII. in 1155, is given in the second selection (b) below. Sources--(a) Text in Vilevault and Brequigny, _Ordonnances des Rois de France de la Troisieme Race_ ["Ordinances of the Kings of France of the Third Dynasty"], Paris, 1769, Vol. XI., pp. 185-187. (b) Text in Maurice Prou, _Les Coutumes de Lorris et leur Propagation aux XIIe et XIIIe Siecles_ ["The Customs of Lorris and their Spread in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries"], Paris, 1884, pp. 129-141. (a) =1.= Let no one arrest any freeman or serf for any offense without due process of law.[470] [Sidenote: Provisions of the charter of Laon] =2.= But if any one do injury to a clerk, soldier, or merchant, native or foreign, provided he who does the injury belongs to the same city as the injured person, let him, summoned after the fourth day, come for justice before the mayor and jurats.[471] =7.= If a thief is arrested, let him be brought to him on whose land he has been arrested; but if justice is not done by the lord, let it be done by the jurats.[472] =12.= We entirely abolish mortmain.[473] =18.= The customary tallages we have so reformed that every man owing such tallages, at the time when they are due, must pay four pence, and beyond that no more.[474] =19.= Let men of the peace not be compelled to resort to courts outside the city.[475] (b) =1.= Every one who has a house in the parish of Lorris shall pay as _cens_ sixpence only for his house, and for each acre of land that he possesses in the parish.[476] =2.= No inhabitant of the parish of Lorris shall be required to pay a toll or any other tax on his provisions; and let him not be made to pay any measurage fee on the grain which he has raised by his own labor.[477]