[Sidenote: His translation of the Bible] [Sidenote: and his catechisms.] [Sidenote: His _Letter_ and _Sermon_.] When once he had revolted, Luther gave much of his time to promoting the reform and education of the masses by writing. All his works, whether religious or pedagogical, were clearly intended, in a broad sense, to be educational. After his condemnation at the Diet of Worms (1521), when he had taken refuge at the Wartburg, he undertook to awaken the minds and hearts of the common people by a translation of the Greek Testament. Contrary to general opinion, a large number of translations had preceded that of Luther, and their popularity must have proved suggestive to him, but his edition was unusually close to the colloquial language of the times. A dozen years later, he had completed a translation of the entire Bible, which contributed greatly to education by getting the masses to read and reflect. For the further instruction of the people, he also followed the fashion of the day in producing two catechisms, one for adults and the other for children, together with many tracts, addresses, and letters, filled with allusions to the organization and methods of education. But the documents which most fully reveal his educational positions are his _Letter to the Mayors and Aldermen of All Cities of Germany in behalf of Christian Schools_ (1524), and his _Sermon on the Duty of Sending Children to School_ (1530). [Sidenote: Civic aim.] [Sidenote: Industrial and academic training.] [Sidenote: Enlarged content.] [Sidenote: Rational methods.]