Free verse; Modernism (Literature); Poetry, Modern -- 20th century -- History and criticism
Who can have trod, before, this field of fire
The huge floor of ocean, unfoamed, shining,
Lit with loud stars and mellow harvest moon?
The sea-nymphs swimming by the galleon’s side
Have never shone, golden, in its wake before:
Like winds they play among the corn’s gold tide
Loosing those windy locks, or down they dive
Through amber furrows lifted by the keel,
Past starlight, crackling to the sad shell note
Of scalèd Tritons in deep water depths.
Mr. Sitwell’s modernism appears in such lines as the second and fifth,
which the Elizabethans or Jacobeans, great as were the liberties they
took with blank verse (far greater than those taken by the eighteenth
century or the Victorians) could not have written for a gentle lyrical
passage. They would have put instead:
The húgy flóor of ócean foámless shíning
and
Have ne’ér shone gólden ín its wáke befóre.
The first of these lines of Mr. Sitwell’s must be read:
The húge flóor of ócean (pause) unfoámed (pause) shíning
and the next
Have néver shóne (pause) gólden (pause) in its wáke béfóre.
Here the influence of modern music reveals itself in the readiness with
which the monotony of the metrical pattern is varied. It is rarely,
indeed, in a poem of modernist blank verse that so few variations are
introduced as in this passage. The pictorial element is also modern.
‘The loud stars’, ‘the corn’s gold tide’, the nymphs diving ‘crackling’
down, are not Elizabethan conceits but verbal equivalents for a modern
picture in which the size and shape of the stars, the cornfield aspect
of the sea, the sharpness of the water-flurry where the nymphs dive
would be anti-realistically represented to suggest just these figures.
Fletcher would have written ‘bright stars’ and
Like winds that wanton in the yellow corn,
So do they wanton in this golden tide
and
shivering the sad shell note
and so on.
These lines of T. S. Eliot’s further illustrate the tendency in
contemporary poetry to outdo the past in elaborate and elegant writing;
that is, to flout conservative literary elegance rather than elegance
in general. They are an improvement on all previous treatments of a
favourite refined topic--perfumes:
In vials of ivory and coloured glass
Unstoppered, lurked her strange synthetic perfumes,
Unguent, powdered or liquid--troubled, confused
And drowned the sense in odours; stirred by the air
That freshened from the window, these ascended
In fattening the prolonged candle-flames,
Flung their smoke into the laquearia,
Stirring the pattern on the coppered ceiling.
Huge sea-wood fed with copper
Burned green and orange, framed by the coloured stone
In which sad light a carvèd dolphin swam.
How pale indeed is Keats beside him:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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