Free verse; Modernism (Literature); Poetry, Modern -- 20th century -- History and criticism
‘Groups’ may spring up in the old style around any poet; but in
general the free-lance modernist who had by accident become popular
or notorious and still retained a sense of personal dignity would
shrink from being made a ‘_cher maître_’ as a grotesque position
for him to occupy in a literary scene that he can only take casually.
Indeed, as soon as any imitation is made of his work, and his style
by imitation becomes a formula of mannerisms, he may be even inclined
to change them to preserve his integrity. It is not, as Mr. Philip
Guedalla suggests, that there is no English equivalent for ‘_cher
maître_’, but merely that the modern English poet good enough to be
one does not take his poetry like that. A certain sifting and grading
of personalities and groups, however, does occur where modernism is a
professional conscience rather than a personal trait: the modernist
poetry-producing world has the look of a complicated hierarchy. The
complication is increased by the efforts of professional modernists to
enrol free-lance modernists in their socially purposive movement, and
of pseudo-modernists to enrol themselves in it by literary forgery.
In every modernist group the members are aware who is the Queen Bee
and who are the drones of the _schwärmerei_. Eventually the
parasitical members ambitious to become Queen Bees will desert to other
hives and to other modes. They make a quick-change from one group to
another, acquiring as they go a patchwork synthetic style that they
hope to impose on general readers and critics as a large-scale exercise
of originality, a contemporary grand manner. The aspirant has a much
more difficult problem to face in the new poetic order than in the old.
In the old it was sufficient for him to write well. Now he must not
only write well, he must be original. A desperate hunt for originality
ensues in which aspirants are driven for inspiration to foreign
literatures, to old French, to eighteenth century quaintness, to
Spanish, to Demotic Greek, to mediaeval Latin, to Chinese or Javanese
or Aztec; to various low dialects--Bowery, Whitechapel, Chicago,
journalese; to ancient religious writers, particularly the Early
Fathers and Buddhists, and so on.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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