_Third step._ The muscle to be advanced and its expansion, which are
clamped between the blades of Prince’s forceps, are separated from the
globe with the scissors and given again to the assistant to hold. Three
strong silk sutures are passed in the following order, middle, upper,
and lower, first through the conjunctival and episcleral tissue on the
corneal side of the wound and then as far back as possible through the
muscle and out through the conjunctiva near the cut margin on the other
side of the wound (Fig. 133). Care should be taken that the middle
stitch is passed through the episcleral tissue exactly opposite the
horizontal plane of the cornea and the central portion of the tendon.
The portion of the tendon and capsule within the grasp of the forceps is
then removed with scissors by cutting close to the blades of the
Prince’s forceps, taking care not to cut the sutures.
[Illustration: FIG. 133. ADVANCEMENT BY THE THREE-STITCH METHOD. Showing
the sutures in position. A firm hold on the sclerotic to the corneal
side of the wound is essential to the success of the operation.]
_Fourth step._ The middle suture should be first tightened to the extent
required to bring the eye straight. The upper and lower sutures are then
tied.
If, on testing with the Maddox rod, the error be found to be slightly
over-corrected by the advancement, the eye can be drawn back by taking a
firm hold with the conjunctival stitch over the tenotomy wound. The
conjunctival stitch may be removed on the fourth day, but the stitches
holding the advanced muscle in position should not be removed till after
the tenth day. Atropine in both eyes is desirable, especially when
there is any tendency to convergence. Glasses should be worn on
uncovering the eyes.
=Complications.= 1. _The eyes may not be straight after the operation._
No further operation for rectification should be undertaken for at least
two or three months. If there be a tendency to convergence, glasses
should be worn and atropine used. Small latent errors may be corrected
by prisms. _If the muscular error be insufficiently corrected_ tenotomy
may be performed on the other eye. _If the muscular error be
over-corrected_ it may also require tenotomy on the other eye, the
adjustment by tenotomy being more accurate than that by advancement.
2. _Thickening over the site of the advanced muscle_ usually disappears
in a few months.
Other complications as described under tenotomy may occur (see p. 250).
CHAPTER VII
ENUCLEATION OF THE GLOBE AND ALLIED OPERATIONS
The principal substitutes for simple enucleation are evisceration,
Mules’s and Frost’s operations.
ENUCLEATION
Enucleation is the removal of the globe from Tenon’s capsule.
=Indications.= Enucleation should be performed in preference to Mules’s
operation in--
(i) Malignant tumours.
(ii) Injuries followed by cyclitis.
(iii) Painful blind eyes.
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