A system of practical medicine. By American authors. Vol. 1 : $b Pathology and general diseases
History
A system of practical medicine. By American authors. Vol. 1 : $b Pathology and general diseases
Medicine -- Practice
A third group of cysts contains material which represents essentially
a production from the wall, with a difference of composition dependent
upon the nature of the wall. Such cysts give rise to tumors through
the retention of their contents, and they are called retention-cysts
or retention-tumors. In the wall of the cysts is a gland-tissue, which
may line the surface or lie beneath. The glandular structures may be
cutaneous, mucous, or represent a part of the great glands of the
body, as the liver and kidneys. The atheromatous cyst of the skin, the
mucous cysts of the gastro-intestinal mucous membrane, and the ovula
Nabothi of the uterus are examples of the retention of secretion
within glands. The dropsical dilatations of the antrum, the vermiform
appendage, the uterus, the biliary and renal canals furnish instances
of tumors resulting from the retention of secretion on a large scale.
In the subsequent history of these retention-cysts the secretion may
be modified chemically and physically; the cells upon the walls may be
transformed from columnar forms into flattened and scale-like
varieties. In time, the original secretion frequently becomes a watery
fluid, resembling the contents of the hygroma previously mentioned.
This grouping of cysts in contradistinction to fleshy tumors omits the
consideration of a series of cystic tumors of enormous size, the
multilocular tumors of the ovary. This class represents a more complex
form of cystic growth--one whose tendency is toward the reproduction
of cysts, to which the term cystoma is applied. The cystoma is the
result of an active new formation of epithelium and connective tissue,
and is classified as a variety of the epithelial group of tumors.
Morbid growths, as distinguished from cysts, are divided by Virchow
into the simple and complex forms. The former consist of a single
tissue, the histoid tumors; the latter of several tissues suggesting
an organ, the organoid tumors; while still others, in which the number
and grouping of tissues is so complex as to simulate systems of the
body, even monstrosities, have received the term systematoid or
teratoid tumors.
Virchow claimed that the growth of most tumors took place from the
connective tissues, and that most of the organoid tumors, especially
cancer, arose from the formative action of the connective tissue in
the part where {117} it first made its appearance. The structure of
cancer suggested an organ, as it consisted of collections of cells
resembling epithelium, within spaces or alveoli whose walls were
formed of connective tissue. The epithelioid cells of the cancer, as
well as the connective-tissue corpuscles, were considered to arise
from pre-existing cells of connective tissue.
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