But those appearances in the teeth, the thin and ragged edges, the friability and the grooving, either horizontal or vertical, which have been considered characteristic of syphilis by Hutchinson and others, have no such dignity, and moreover they are not observed in the temporary teeth at all, but in the permanent only; the rachitical softening of the bones also is not found in syphilis at all. Particularly are there no curvatures in syphilis and no infractions. It is true that marasmus is found in both rachitis and syphilis, but it is met with in all sorts of diseases. The changes in the bones of syphilis are found at birth; in rachitis they usually develop in later months. When a baby is syphilitic and rachitic at the same time, the syphilis may last very much longer than the rachitis, which meanwhile has healed. The internal organs in rachitis do not exhibit any such {145} changes as are known to occur in very many cases of syphilis. No gummata are ever found in rachitis, and the interstitial inflammation of the internal organs in syphilis is not met with to the same degree in rachitis. What Parrot claimed as a desquamative syphilide of the tongue--that is, red insulated spots, denuded of their epithelium, small in the beginning, later extending backward and increasing in size--is by no means always syphilitic, but is found in a great many cases where there is no suspicion of syphilis. It is mainly Kassowitz and Bouchut who have taken the stand against Parrot. The former, taking rachitis for a peculiar inflammatory process, admits that syphilis can be one of the causes. The latter directs attention mainly to the fact that by changing food in certain ways rachitis may be produced in dogs, but that they cannot be made syphilitic. There is no doubt, however, that syphilis may give rise to rachitis by its general influence on nutrition, and in this fact lies the key to the connection of great nutritive disorders with each other. Syphilis will undoubtedly change nutrition to such an extent as to result in rachitis. Rachitis will affect the glands; the caseous and suppurative degeneration of the glands will lead to metastatic processes, to acute tuberculosis, and so on.