Her left humerus measured 7-3/4 inches from shoulder to elbow; distance 6-1/4 Her right humerus measured 7-1/2 inches from shoulder to elbow; distance 4-1/4 Her left tibia measured 10 inches from knee to ankle; distance 7-1/4 Her right tibia measured 9-1/2 inches from knee to ankle; distance 4-1/2 Her bones were always very brittle. When she was between nine and thirteen she broke her arms four times and her lower limbs on several occasions. A male patient of twenty-two years, who was born healthy and well formed, continued thus until five years of age, when he was attacked with a fever, after which his bones became soft and bent. Osteotomy was performed on him, and the femora were found to be mere thin shells of bones surrounding cavities containing great quantities of medulla, which flowed out of the wound as oil; five ounces were discharged at once. In both cases there appeared to be a hypertrophy of the medulla at the expense of the bone-substance--a condition which Barwell proposes to call eccentric atrophy. "While these subjects are still youthful very little bone-earth is deposited, or at least remains in the very thin layer of osseous tissue that subsists. The relationship between infantile ostitis and extreme development of the intraosseous fat, though well known, is still occult; neither should we lose sight of the possibility that the softening process of ostitis may be due to a fatty acid. Now, fatty ostitis usually occurs in epiphyses. In these cases the shafts were affected." [Footnote 18: _Trans._, xxxiv., 1883, pp. 203-208.]