The various complications that may arise, as well as the general results of purpura, must be treated symptomatically. For the mucous membranes astringent washes should be used, and in favorable situations the tampon may sometimes be employed with profit. In purpura rheumatica the arthritic pains will be alleviated by anodyne liniments and plasters, and the often accompanying abdominal pains and colic by anodynes internally administered. Hæmatemesis, hæmaturia, etc. must be treated upon general principles. The results of profuse hemorrhage must be combated with stimulants. Transfusion of blood has been proposed and practised for the extreme anæmia that sometimes occurs, but without encouraging results. If necessary, the bowels may be kept free by mild aperients. In severe cases rest in bed should be rigidly enforced until after the establishment of convalescence. Quinia, iron, and nux vomica are indicated above all other remedies for the anæmia resulting from an attack of purpura. {195} DIABETES MELLITUS. BY JAMES TYSON, A.M., M.D. Diabetes mellitus is a term applied to a group of symptoms more or less complex, of which the most conspicuous is an increased flow of saccharine urine--whence the symptomatic title. It is associated with a derangement of the sugar-assimilating office of the liver, as the result of which an abnormally large quantity of glucose is passed into the hepatic vein and thence into the systemic blood, from which it is secreted by the kidneys. The condition is sometimes associated with alterations in the nervous system, at others with changes in the liver or pancreas, while at others, still, it is impossible to discover any structural alterations accompanying it. [Illustration: FIG. 1. To show the position of the punctures required to produce glycosuria, the lobes of the cerebellum are separated. Below are seen the restiform bodies, the divergence of which circumscribes the apex of the calamus scriptorius and the fourth ventricle. The puncture _p'_ produces glycosuria; the puncture _p_, glycosuria with polyuria; and a puncture a little higher up than _p_, albuminuria.]