Cod-liver oil, iron, quinia, etc., the various forms of baths and mineral waters, electricity, and the several local measures recommended for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, are all occasionally very useful in, and constitute the appropriate treatment of, simple chronic articular rheumatism. The dietetic management of the two affections should be the same. Muscular Rheumatism. SYNONYMS.--Myalgia rheumatica or myopathia; _Fr._ Rheumatisme musculaire; _Ger._ Muskelrheumatismus. DEFINITION.--The affections included under this term are certain painful disorders of fibro-muscular structures. They are commonly found in persons the subjects of the rheumatic diathesis, and are characterized by pain and often spasm, and sometimes a slight degree of fever. No doubt as our knowledge increases so many attacks connected with painful states of muscles and fasciæ are eliminated from the somewhat uncertain group of muscular rheumatism. True inflammation is not believed to exist, and pathological investigation has rarely shown any morbid changes in the affected parts. The symptoms, therefore, have been attributed to some temporary hyperæmia, slight serous exudation, or neuralgic state of the sensory nerve-filaments. The strongest support is given to this statement from the absence of any marked tenderness in such affected muscles as can be sufficiently examined. In certain cases, undistinguishable clinically, it is quite probable that a periarthritis is in reality the principal factor in the case. In others, again, a subacute rheumatism affecting a joint seems to spread to the adjoining tendinous sheaths, and thus secondarily to attack the muscles themselves, the affection of which may ultimately remain the only condition present.