The SYMPTOMS are such as we should expect in diminished tension of the vocal bands: lowering of the pitch of the voice, with inability to reach the higher notes. There ought to be, therefore, hoarseness. Acute paralysis of this muscle has been known to produce aphonia (Ramon). DIAGNOSIS.--It is said that this form of paralysis gives rise to a well-recognized condition which may be seen in the laryngeal mirror. The cords are described as wavy, irregular in their relation to each other, like the position of two pieces of ribbon, which, having an attachment at their extremities near to each other, are allowed to fall into folds. This condition, if ever present, is, I am convinced, very rare. It is probable that the descriptions have been given to correspond with what ought to be seen, rather than what is actually seen, in the mirror. There is said to be a slight depression of the vocal processes in the act of inspiration, and a corresponding elevation of them in the act of expiration and phonation. The diminished tension should produce this change in position. The disease may also be recognized by placing the finger upon the edge of the crico-thyroid muscle during the effort to speak. The muscle acts so strongly in the healthy condition that it may be easily felt; in paralysis this contraction is wanting. The course and duration of the disease must depend upon the cause and complications. When the muscles suffer in common with the sensory apparatus supplied by the superior laryngeal nerve, as in the case of diphtheria, there is reason to expect that it will disappear with the other morbid phenomena. Paralysis of the Posterior Crico-Arytenoids.