Derivation is of great service when well directed. Local depletion must be avoided. A purgative in the beginning is beneficial--a dose of calomel {98} as good as, or mostly better than, anything else. Diaphoretics and diuretics act quite well; the best of them all are warm beverages of any kind. They need not come from the apothecary's nor be very unpleasant to take--water not too cold, Apollinaris, Selters, or Vichy, hot milk, tepid lemonade in large quantities and very often. Sinapisms have a good effect. When not kept on longer than a few minutes--long enough to give the surface a pink hue--they may be applied every hour or two. Some urgent symptoms may require symptomatic treatment. When secretion is copious, but too tough, and expectoration insufficient because of both the character of the mucus and the incompetency of the respiratory muscles, ipecac in small doses or camphor is indicated. A child's dose of the latter would be gr. ¼-½(gramme 0.015-0.03) every one or two hours. In these cases the hydrochlorate of ammonium may be combined with the carbonate (ammon. chlorid. drachm ss. (2.0); ammon. carbonat. scruple j (1.25); extr. glycyrrh. pur. scruple ij (2.5); aq. pur. fluidounce iij (grammes 100.0)--teaspoonful every hour). When the difficulty of expectoration is excessive an emetic may be resorted to. It is true that infants and children vomit with less straining and difficulty than adults, but, still, the practice of flinging emetics around is too common. The unpleasantness of getting up in the night because of a pseudo-croup in a distant patient's baby is not a correct indication for encouraging the indiscriminate use of emetics. When they are required, antimonials ought to be excluded from the list. Ipecac, sulphate of zinc, sulphate of copper, turpeth mineral are preferable. In urgent cases the hydrochlorate of apomorphia may be used hypodermically (six or ten drops of a 1 per cent. solution in water). Cases of such urgency, and so excessive dyspnoea coupled with cyanosis, as to necessitate tracheotomy are but very rare. But once in thirty years and in many more than four hundred tracheotomies have I been compelled to operate for a case of catarrhal laryngitis. Still, a few such cases are on record. The best-known amongst them is that of Scoutetten, who operated successfully on his own daughter six weeks old.