TREATMENT.--Tracheitis is treated very much like bronchitis confined to the larger tubes, only that local measures are more prominently applicable, especially in chronic cases. Frequently, when acute, the disease may be arrested by a Dover's powder, a warm bath, and a diaphoretic drink at night, with hygienic attention, regulation of systemic functions, and soothing applications, such as inhaling simply vapor of water or medicated water, or using warm-water poultices externally. Expectorant mixtures, containing ipecacuanha, sanguinaria, squills, or senega, may be given, according to the age and condition of the patient, with matico and the like, when the secretion is abundant, and with ammonium acetate or sodium bromide (potassium carbonate or ammonium carbonate where there is depression) or tincture of aconite (especially when fever is present), or a very minute quantity of tincture of veratrum viride, when there is much dryness. Inhaling the steam arising from a pint of hot water (160-170° F.) containing 10 grs. of extract of conium, 1 drachm of compound tincture of benzoin, and half a drachm of ammonium sesquicarbonate, or inhaling nebulized solution of potassium bromide, 10 to 20 grains to the ounce, or fumes of evolving ammonium chloride or of nitre-paper, is very serviceable, as well as placing a mustard plaster or a hot poultice on the upper part of the chest (not directly over the windpipe) and on the back of the neck or between the shoulders. Some patients require for several days to take daily from 8 to 10 grains of quinia sulphate, then a smaller quantity, care being taken not to discontinue the remedy suddenly. Smoking eucalyptus-leaves, with much inhalation of the smoke, is useful in protracted cases. In chronic as well as acute tracheitis not only balsamic, anodyne, and astringent inhalations either of vapors, or of liquids nebulized by the various spray-producers are in vogue, but also insufflations of powders, injections of liquids, and touchings with the sponge or cotton-wad probang or tracheal applicator. Powders should never or only rarely (as, _e.g._, morphia, 1/16-1/8 of a grain, when the cough is troublesome, etc.) be blown into the trachea; injections and touchings should be made use of only after the operator has acquired the necessary skill to apply them by means of the mirror. A few drops of a solution of silver nitrate, varying in strength inversely as the chronicity of the case from 5 grains to 60 to the ounce of water, thus accurately applied at proper intervals of time, have proved successful in otherwise intractable cases. In chronic tracheitis general tonic treatment must be combined with the local, and attention be paid to possible coexistent cardiac and {136} broncho-pulmonary affections or other morbid conditions. In some cases it is advisable to administer potassium iodide; in rheumatism, sodium salicylate; in gout, colchicum. The utility of producing alkalinity of