| | centre. | thigh and leg | Extensores femoris. . | 4th L.-2d S. | to ankle. | Tibialis anticus. . . | Gluteal. | | Peroneus longus. . . | 4th-5th L. | | Flexors of knee | | | (Ferrier (?)). | | {79} | | | 5th L. | Outward rotators of | . . . . . . | Lower part of | thigh. . . . . . . | | gluteal | | | region. | Flexors of knee | . . . . . . | Back of thigh. | (Ferrier). | | | Flexors and extensors | . . . . . . | Leg and foot, | of toes. | | outer part. | Peronei. | | | Muscles of calf of leg.| | | | | 1st S. | Muscles of calf of leg.| Foot clonus. | Leg and foot, | Long flexor of great | Achillis | except inner | toe. . . . . . . . | tendon. | part. | Intrinsic muscles of | Plantar. | | foot. . . . . . . . | | | | | 2d S. | Intrinsic muscles of | Plantar. | Perineum, anus. | foot. . . . . . . . | | -----------+------------------------+--------------+--------------- [Footnote 5: “The Localization of Functions of the Spinal Cord,” _American Journal Neurology and Psychiatry_, iii., 1884.] The above table should be studied in connection with Gowers's diagram of the vertebral column and spinal cord (Fig. 2, p. 53), for the thorough study of cases of neural and spinal localization. Additional details of much value with respect to the peripheral nerve distribution are accessible in the works of Ranney[6] and Ross[7]. [Footnote 6: _The Applied Anatomy of the Nervous System_, N. Y., 1881, p. 355 _et seq._] [Footnote 7: _Handbook of Diseases of the Nervous System_, Am. ed., Philada., 1885, p. 356 _et seq._] III. The Localization of Lesions in the Medulla Oblongata. In general terms, lesions of the oblongata are characterized by the early appearance and prominence of motor symptoms in the mouth, throat, and larynx, and by bilaterality of the symptoms. Remote symptoms consist of disturbances in the cardiac action and in the functions of some intra-abdominal organs. There may also be more or less paralysis of all the extremities. These lesions may conveniently be classified, like those of the cord, into systematic and focal. A. SYSTEMATIC LESIONS OF THE OBLONGATA.—1. Systematic lesions of the æsthesodic system of the oblongata are, for purposes of practical diagnosis, unknown at the present time.