The patient should be encouraged to pass water voluntarily. The application of hot moist cloths to the external genitals sometimes facilitates urination. In many cases the use of the catheter is never necessary. If the urine is not voided about every eight hours, it should be drawn with the catheter. Catheterization should be done with strict attention to asepsis. The former frequency of cystitis from the improper use of the catheter has already been referred to. Catheterization should never be performed under any circumstances by the aid of the tactile sense alone. The nurse should always see what she is doing. The catheter--metal, glass, or preferably soft rubber--should be sterilized by boiling, and should be preserved in a 1:20 solution of carbolic acid. The catheter may be lubricated with sterilized oil or glycerin. The labia should be separated, and the vestibule and the external meatus should be wiped off with a solution of bichloride of mercury (1:2000). After the catheter has been used once it should be thoroughly cleansed, inside and out, and sterilized by boiling before being replaced in the carbolic solution. The secretion of urine is always diminished for a few days after celiotomy, probably on account of the restricted ingestion of fluids. The writer has found the average secretion in 111 cases of celiotomy on women to be, during the first twenty-four hours, 13.4 ounces; during the second twenty-four hours, 14.6 ounces; during the third twenty-four hours, 19.6 ounces. In considering these numbers it should be remembered that the gynecological patient passes, before operation, a daily amount of urine much less than that passed by the average healthy woman. Food is usually first administered at the end of forty-eight hours. If the patient be feeble, nutriment may be given by the mouth or the rectum before this time. The patient may have any easily digested food that she wishes, such as buttermilk, soup, beef-tea, milk or milk and lime-water, soft-boiled egg, etc. The food should be given frequently in small quantities. Buttermilk is one of the best foods with which to begin. It gratifies thirst and is more readily digested than milk. Half an ounce to an ounce may be given every hour until the retentive power of the stomach is determined.