A Text-book of Entomology: Including the Anatomy, Physiology, Embryology and Metamorphoses of Insects for Use in Agricultural and Technical Schools and Colleges as Well as by the Working EntomologistPackard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring)
Science
A Text-book of Entomology: Including the Anatomy, Physiology, Embryology and Metamorphoses of Insects for Use in Agricultural and Technical Schools and Colleges as Well as by the Working Entomologist
Packard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring)
Insects
=Briant, Travers J.= On the anatomy and functions of the tongue of the
honey-bee (worker). (Journ. Linn. Soc., London, xvii, 1884, pp.
408–416, 2 Pls.)
=Breithaupt, P. F.= Ueber die Anatomie und die Funktionen der
Bienenzunge. (Archiv f. Naturgesch., Jahrg. lii, 1886, pp. 47–112, 2
Taf.)
_i._ Larval stages
=Brauer, F.= Die Zweiflügler des kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. III,
Systematische Studien auf Grundlage der Dipterenlarven nebst einer
Zusammenstellung von Beispielen aus der Litteratur uber dieselben
und Beschreibung neuer Formen. (Denkschr. math.-naturwiss. Cl. k.
Akad. Wiss. Wien, 1883, xlvii, pp. 100, 5 Taf.)
=Dewitz, H.= Ueber die Führung an den Körperanhangen der Insekten
speziell betrachtet an der Legescheide der Acridier, dem Stachel der
Meliponem und den Mundteilen der Larve von Myrmeleon, nebst
Beschreibung dieser Organe. (Berliner ent. Zeitschr., xxvi, 1882,
pp. 51–68.)
—— Die Mundteile der Larve von Myrmeleon. (Sitzungsber. d. Ges.
naturforsch. Freunde zu Berlin, 1881, pp. 163–166.)
=Redtenbacher, Josef.= Uebersicht der Myrmeleonidenlarven. (Denkschrift,
math.-naturwiss. Cl. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 1884, xlviii, pp. 335–368,
7 Taf.)
=Schiödte, J. G.= De metamorphosi Eleutheratorum. Bidrag til insekternes
udviklingshistorie. (Kroyer’s Naturhist. Tidsskrift. Kjöbenhavn. 12
Teile mit 88 Taf., 1862–1883.)
_j._ Embryonic stages
=Heymons, Richard.= Grundzüge der Entwicklung und des Körpersbaues von
Odonaten und Ephemeridem (Anhang zu den Abhandl. K. Akad. d.
Wissens. Berlin, 1896, p. 22, 2 Taf. See Figs. 5, 29.)
—— Entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen an _Lepisma saccharina_ L.
(Zeitschr. f. Wissens. Zoologie, lxii, 1897, p. 595, 2 Taf. See Fig.
10.)
THE THORAX AND ITS APPENDAGES
_a._ The thorax; its external anatomy
The middle region of the body is called the thorax, and in general
consists of three segments, which are respectively named the
_prothorax_, _mesothorax_, and _metathorax_ (Figs. 88, 89, 98).
[Illustration:
FIG. 88.—External anatomy of _Melanoplus spretus_, the head and thorax
disjointed.
]
The thorax contains the muscles of flight and those of the legs, besides
the fore intestine (œsophagus and proventriculus), as well as, in the
winged insects, the salivary glands.
In the more generalized orders, notably the Orthoptera, the three
segments are distinct and readily identified.
[Illustration:
FIG. 89.—Locust, Melanoplus, side view, with the thorax separated from
the head and abdomen, and divided into its three segments.
]
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