_Buffalo._--Manilla (Philippines), in 1878, exported 379 tons of buffalo-skins, value 12,130_l._, and 274 tons of cuttings, 6579_l._ Hankow exported 1091 _piculs_ in 1878, and 1238 in 1879. Brunei (Borneo) sent 1362 _dol._ (of 4_s._ 2_d._) worth to Singapore in 1879. The approximate London market values of buffalo-skins are:--Batavia, 4_d._-7_d._ a lb.; Bengal, 3_d._-6_d._; other sorts, 2-1/2_d._-6-1/2_d._ _Calf._--Hamburg exported to Great Britain of calf and other skins in 1876, 20,731 cwt.; in 1877, 27,550; in 1878, 14,583; and in 1879, 19,287 cwt. The Hawaiian Islands sent 168 pieces to Germany in 1879. Christiania shipped 31,000 _kroner_ (of 1_s._ 1-1/2_d._) worth to Great Britain in 1878, and 300 _kr._ in 1879. The exports from Archangel (including seal) in 1878 were 335 pieces to Holland, and 23,108 to Germany: total value, 2343_l._ Honolulu, in 1878, exported 651 pieces, being 500 to Germany, 135 to China, and 16 to the United States. Memel, in 1879, sent landwise over the Russian frontier for German markets, 34,400 pieces, value 5450_l._ The approximate London market value of calf-skins is 15_d._-34_d._ a lb. _Deer._--San José (Costa Rica) exported 12,121 lb. in 1878. Kiungchow (China) exported 17,544 pieces, value 541_l._, in 1879. Ciudad Bolivar (Venezuela), in 1879, sent 77,305 pieces (168,176-1/2 lb.) to New York, and 14,695 pieces to Germany. Guatemala, in 1879, exported 2353 pieces to Germany, 693 to New York, and 100 to Belize. Panama shipped 765_l._ worth of deer and other skins to the United States in 1879. Costa Rica exported 82,168 lb. in the year ended April 30, 1879. Puerto Cabello (Venezuela), in 1879, shipped 2466 _kilo._ (of 2·2 lb.) to Great Britain, 11,619 to Germany, 6182 to the United States, and 1281 to Holland. The Commercial Society of Mozambique sold 41 deer, 391 buck, 2168 blesbok, and 3071 other antelope skins at Rotterdam in June 1876. The approximate London market values of deer-skins are: Blesbok, Cape, 6-17_d._ a lb.; Deer, East Indian, 22-50_s._ a doz. _Dog._--Dog-skin makes a nice, thin, tough leather, but most of the gloves sold as dog-skin are made of lamb-skin. _Dugong and Manatee._--The skins of these animals, more important perhaps as oil-yielders, are smooth, bluish-black in colour, and nearly 1 in. thick. They are well adapted for machine-belting. About 50 are shipped annually from Queensland.