MIDDLE POINTED PERIOD. [_Rayonnant_ in France; _Decorated_ or _Geometric_ in England.] Vaults more perfect; in England multiple ribs and liernes; greater slenderness and loftiness of proportions; decoration much richer, less vigorous; more naturalistic carving of mature foliage; walls nearly suppressed, windows of great size, bar tracery with slender moulded or columnar mullions and geometric combinations (circles and cusps) in window-heads, circular (rose) windows. (In France, 1275 to 1375.) FLORID GOTHIC PERIOD. [_Flamboyant_ in France; _Perpendicular_ in England.] Vaults of varied and richly decorated design; fan-vaulting and pendants in England, vault-ribs curved into fanciful patterns in Germany and Spain; profuse and minute decoration and cleverness of technical execution substituted for dignity of design; highly realistic carving and sculpture, flowing or flamboyant tracery in France; perpendicular bars with horizontal transoms and four-centred arches in England; “branch-tracery” in Germany. (In France, 1375 to 1525.) CHAPTER XVI. GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE IN FRANCE. BOOKS RECOMMENDED: As before, Adamy, Corroyer, Enlart, Hasak, Moore, Reber, Viollet-le-Duc.[20] Also Chapuy, _Le moyen age monumental_. Chateau, _Histoire et caractères de l’architecture française_. Davies, _Architectural Studies in France_. Ferree, _The Chronology of the Cathedral Churches of France_. Johnson, _Early French Architecture_. King, _The Study book of Mediæval Architecture and Art_. Lassus and Viollet-le-Duc, _Notre Dame de Paris_. Nesfield, _Specimens of Mediæval Architecture_. Pettit, _Architectural Studies in France_. [Footnote 20: Consult especially articles ARCHITECTURE, CATHÉDRALE, CHAPELLE, CONSTRUCTION, ÉGLISE, MAISON, VOÛTE.]