A Text-Book of the History of Architecture: Seventh Edition, revisedHamlin, A. D. F. (Alfred Dwight Foster)
History
A Text-Book of the History of Architecture: Seventh Edition, revised
Hamlin, A. D. F. (Alfred Dwight Foster)
Architecture -- History
Elsewhere in the Eastern world are many early churches of which even the
enumeration would exceed the limits of this work. Salonica counts a
number of basilicas and several domical churches. The church of +St.
George+, now a mosque, is of early date and thoroughly Roman in plan and
section, of the same class with the Pantheon and the tomb of Helena, in
both of which a massive circular wall is lightened by eight niches. At
Angora (Ancyra), Hierapolis, Pergamus, and other points in Asia Minor;
in Egypt, Nubia, and Algiers, are many examples of both circular and
basilican edifices of the early centuries of Christianity. In
Constantinople there remains but a single representative of the
basilican type, the church of +St. John Studius+, now the Emir Akhor
mosque.
+MONUMENTS+: ROME: 4th century: St. Peter’s, Sta. Costanza, 330?;
Sta. Pudentiana, 335 (rebuilt 1598); tomb of St. Helena;
Baptistery of Constantine; St. Paul’s beyond the Walls, 386; St.
John Lateran (wholly remodelled in modern times). 5th century:
Baptistery of St. John Lateran; Sta. Sabina, 425; Sta. Maria
Maggiore, 432; S. Pietro in Vincoli, 442 (greatly altered in
modern times). 6th century: S. Lorenzo, 580 (the older portion in
two stories); SS. Cosmo e Damiano. 7th century: Sta. Agnese, 625;
S. Giorgio in Velabro, 682. 8th century: Sta. Maria in Cosmedin;
S. Crisogono. 9th century: S. Nereo ed Achilleo; Sta. Prassede;
Sta. Maria in Dominica. 12th and 13th centuries: S. Clemente,
1118; Sta. Maria in Trastevere; S. Lorenzo (nave); Sta. Maria in
Ara Coeli. RAVENNA: Baptistery of S. John, 400 (?); S. Francesco;
S. Giovanni Evangelista, 425; Sta. Agata, 430; S. Giovanni
Battista, 439; tomb of Galla Placidia, 450; S. Apollinare Nuovo,
500-520; S. Apollinare in Classe, 538; St. Victor; Sta. Maria in
Cosmedin (the Arian Baptistery); tomb of Theodoric (Sta. Maria
della Rotonda, a decagonal two-storied mausoleum, with a low dome
cut from a single stone 36 feet in diameter), 530-540. ITALY IN
GENERAL: basilica at Parenzo, 6th century; cathedral and Sta.
Fosca at Torcello, 640-700; at Naples Sta. Restituta, 7th century;
others, mostly of 10th-13th centuries, at Murano near Venice, at
Florence (S. Miniato), Spoleto, Toscanella, etc.; baptisteries at
Asti, Florence, Nocera dei Pagani, and other places. IN SYRIA AND
THE EAST: basilicas of the Nativity at Bethlehem, of the Sepulchre
and of the Ascension at Jerusalem; also polygonal church on Temple
platform; these all of 4th century. Basilicas at Bakouzah, Hass,
Kelat Seman, Kalb Louzeh, Rouheiha, Tourmanin, etc.; circular
churches, tombs, and baptisteries at Bozrah, Ezra, Hass, Kelat
Seman, Rouheiha, etc.; all these 4th-8th centuries. Churches at
Constantinople (Holy Wisdom, St. John Studius, etc.), Hierapolis,
Pergamus, and Thessalonica (St. Demetrius, “Eski Djuma”); in Egypt
and Nubia (Djemla, Announa, Ibreem, Siout, etc.); at Orléansville
in Algeria.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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