[Footnote 211: The Norman Code lays down the same rule generally, and observes, that after the Father’s Death, any such Gift should be brought into the general stock and divided amongst all the Heirs; in other words, should be put into Hotch-pot. (Le Grand Cust. de Norm. chap. 36.)] Very obscure, indeed, is the Law, and considerable the debate and contention among the most skilful of that Profession, when this point occurs or may occur in the King’s Court, in order to ascertain, who ought by law to succeed to the Inheritance. The Father contends, that he ought to retain to himself the Seisin of his departed son, and thus desires, that the Land which had emanated from his Bounty should again return to him. Upon this question being agitated in Court, the Eldest son will answer to the Father, in the act of claiming the Land, that the latter ought not to be heard upon the subject, as it is a general principle of the Law of the Realm, that no one can be at once Lord and Heir of the same Tenement.[212] But, by force of the same principle, the third son attempts to repel the Eldest son, from the inheritance in question. [Footnote 212: An able writer accounts for this principle by informing us, that the whole feudal system was built on the distinct rights of superior and vassal, and the blending these two characters, without a necessity arising from the feudal relations themselves, in one person, appeared to be blending of contrary qualities together. (Dalrymple’s Essay on feuds, p. 177.) Mr. Reeves observes, “that in the times of Glanville and Bracton the reservation of services might be made either to the Feoffor, or to the Lord of whom the Feoffor held; they seem more commonly to have been made in the former manner: thus, every such new feoffment in fee, made a new tenure, and of course created a new manor: and so the Law continued till the statute _quia Emptores_ 18. Ed. 1. required feoffments in fee to be made, with reservation of the Services to the chief Lord.” (1 Hist. Eng. Law. 106.) See also Hale’s Hist. Com. Law. 158.] For, since the Eldest son is the Heir to the whole Inheritance, he cannot be at once Lord of it and Heir; especially, if the father of the Eldest son happen to be dead, such son would be Lord of the whole Inheritance. But, then, by the Law of the Realm, the Land cannot remain to him, for the reason we have mentioned. If, therefore, he cannot retain it absolutely, how can he claim it by the rule of succession? By a parity of reasoning it seems, that the third son shall exclude all the others.