_Muriatic acid_, an acid, composed of chlorine and hydrogen, called, also, hydrochloric acid, and spirit of salt. _Mush-stick_, a stick to use in stirring _mush_, which is corn meal boiled in water. _Nankeen_, or _Nankin_, a light cotton cloth, originally brought from Nankin, in China, whence its name. _Nash_, (Richard,) commonly called _Beau Nash_, or King of Bath, a celebrated leader of the fashions in England. He was born at Swansea, in South Wales, October 8, 1674, and died in the city of Bath, (England,) February 3, 1761. _Natural History_, the history of animals, plants, and minerals. _Natural Philosophy_, the science which treats of the powers of Nature, the properties of natural bodies, and their action one upon another. It is sometimes called _physics_. _New-milch cow_, a cow which has recently calved. _Newton_, (Sir Isaac,) an eminent English philosopher and mathematician, who was born on Christmas day, 1642, and died March 20, 1727. He was much distinguished for his very important discoveries in Optics and other branches of Natural Philosophy. See the first volume of 'Pursuit of Knowledge under Difficulties,' forming the fourteenth volume of 'THE SCHOOL LIBRARY,' Larger Series. _Non-bearers_, plants which bear no flowers nor fruit. _Northern States_, those of the United States situated in the Northern and Eastern part of the Country. _Ordinary_, see _Physician in Ordinary_. _Oil of Vitriol_, (sulphuric acid, or vitriolic acid,) an acid composed of oxygen and sulphur. _Orleans_, (Elizabeth Charlotte de Baviere,) _Duchess of_, second wife of Philippe, the brother of Louis XIV., was born at Heidelberg, May 26, 1652, and died at the palace of St. Cloud, in Paris, December 8, 1722. She was author of several works; among which were, Memoirs, and Anecdotes, of the Court of Louis XIV. _Ottoman_, a kind of hassock, or thick mat, for kneeling upon; so called, from being used by the Ottomans or Turks. _Oxalic acid_, a vegetable acid, which exists in sorrel. _Oxide_, a compound (which is not acid) of a substance with oxygen; for example, oxide of iron, or rust of metals. _Oxidize_, to combine oxygen with a body without producing acidity. _Oxygen_, vital air, a simple and very important substance, which exists in the atmosphere, and supports the breathing of animals and the burning of combustibles. It was called oxygen, from two Greek words, signifying to produce acid, from its power of giving acidity to many compounds in which it predominates. _Oxygenized_, combined with oxygen. _Pancreas_, a gland within the abdomen, just below and behind the stomach, and providing a fluid to assist digestion. In animals, it is called the sweet-bread. _Pancreatic_, belonging to the pancreas. _Parterre_, a level division of ground, a flower garden. _Pearlash_, the common name for impure carbonate of potash, which, in a purer form, is called _Sal aeratus_. _Peristaltic_, worm-like. _Philosophy_, see _Intellectual_, _Moral_, and _Natural_.