Fortunately, there is a remedy nearly as powerful and efficacious in intense thoracic affection, as blood-letting and the cold dash are in the cerebral. In the severe bronchial affection of fever, blood-letting is of little avail. It seems to have scarcely any control over the peculiar affection of the lining membrane of the bronchial tubes, or even over the inflammation of the substance of the lung, which so often accompanies the intense form of thoracic disease. It weakens the patient, without making a decided impression upon the disease. Laennec states that the pathology of pneumonia could scarcely be learnt under his practice; for that he treated the disease, not by blood-letting, but by tartar emetic; and that all his patients recovered. I thought this one of the exaggerated statements in which medical writers sometimes delight to indulge; but it immediately occurred to me that this remedy might prove exceedingly efficacious in the bronchitis of fever. Its efficacy has surpassed my expectation. It seldom fails if exhibited with promptitude and decision. The mode in which it is most efficiently administered, is in doses of two grains, dissolved in an ounce of water, and repeated every second, third, fourth, or sixth hour, according to the severity of the case. In the slight bronchial affection, which is so constantly present in fever, nothing is required but the mucilage of gum-arabic, or a little of the almond emulsion now and then, with the tincture of hyosciamus, or two or three grains of the compound powder of ipecacuanha, to allay the irritation of the cough. The inflammation of the mucous membrane, when slight, spontaneously subsides. III. OF THE MODIFICATION OF THE TREATMENT IN ABDOMINAL AFFECTION. No remedy at all comparable in efficacy to the preceding has yet been discovered for the inflammation of the mucous membrane of the intestines, which forms so constant and formidable a part of the organic affection of fever. General bleeding has but little influence over the disease. If employed early and with due activity, it will prevent the affection from occurring, but, when once it has supervened, large bleedings are out of the question, and even small and repeated bleedings are not as effectual as leeches. In severe cases, the abdomen should be covered with leeches, and they should be re-applied daily, until the pain and tenderness are gone, or, at least, have become slight, for it is often impossible entirely to remove the tenderness. The abdomen should be covered with a poultice as soon as the leeches fall off. Afterwards, the application of a linen rag, moistened constantly with the oleum terebinthinæ, keeps up the effect produced by the leeches, and, when the affection is slight, may supersede their use altogether.