22. The first method was proposed by Middleton and Gooch, who having brought the foreign body into a situation where it produced no pain, endeavoured to confine it there a length of time sufficient to make it form adhesions with the corresponding part of the capsule. As we are not informed of the result of the experiments of these two physicians, we are left to our own conjectures on the subject. 23. Are these foreign bodies capable of forming adhesions? Supposing they are, will the internal surface of the capsule attach itself to them at the pleasure of the surgeon? Even admitting the existence of both these conditions, by what means can the bodies be kept stationary for a length of time sufficient for the formation of these adhesions? Will they not be displaced by the slightest motion? Besides, experience seems to be unfavourable to the expedient. I have already said (17) that, in a certain case, the foreign body disappeared for six months, remaining, no doubt, during that whole time, in the same place: but, if it could not, on that occasion, form adhesions, if a motion was sufficient to produce its reappearance, can we expect that art will be more fortunate in her attempts? 24. But, even admitting that the foreign body does form these adhesions with the capsule, if it should increase in size in the part of the joint which it occupies, becoming in a short time disproportioned to its extent, it will impede motion as before, and produce, by degrees, nearly the same affections. 25. From these considerations it follows, that the only expedient which can promise a radical cure is, the extraction of the foreign body. In the performance of this extraction, an incision must first be made through the integuments and the capsule. 26. This operation, simple and easy in itself, has given rise to apprehensions as to its consequences, which have long prevented practitioners from undertaking it. It was in former times a maxim in surgery, that wounds of the joints are, if not mortal, at least extremely dangerous, in consequence of their admitting air into contact with the articulating surfaces. But observation has demonstrated the fallacy of this doctrine, and Desault in particular, has thrown great light on the subject, as I have frequently had occasion to mention in the course of this work: so that, at the present day, it is clearly ascertained, that, if judiciously treated, these wounds are seldom productive of serious consequences.