on the 21st and one on the 22d September—and all these lived to be carried on board ship on the latter–named day, and two, as before stated, lived several weeks. The absence of increased shock from pain during the amputation very probably enabled these patients to withstand the fatigue of removal to the coast and embarkation on board ship. With regard to the objection of occasional bad results, a recent estimate has shown that the probable proportion of all the deaths which have occurred from chloroform to the operations performed under its influence, exclusive of its use in midwifery, dental surgery, and private practice, has been one in 16,000; and as these accidents may equally occur during “minor operations,” in army practice as in civil life, it should be used or not at the option of the patient. In respect to the danger of anesthetics in the secondary operations connected with gunshot wounds, Dr. Scrive’s experience has led him to remark: “When consecutive amputation is rendered necessary by the gradually increasing debility of a wounded man from purulent discharges, chloroformization takes place with the most perfect calm on the part of the patient;” and he classes its use under “chloroformization de nécessité.” The general rules followed in civil surgery must be equally applicable in these cases. It must frequently happen in military practice that several operations have to be performed in rapid succession on the same person, from necessity of a speedy removal of the wounded; and, moreover, from the number of cases which are suddenly thrown on the care of the army surgeons after a general engagement, it must frequently occur that the diagnosis of a case is more or less doubtful. In such instances, the use of chloroform, by diminishing pain and preventing shock, and thus giving the opportunity of more accurate examination of parts, becomes particularly valuable in army practice. After the battles of Alma and Inkerman, when orders were given to remove the wounded as speedily as possible, the first–named consideration frequently occurred. The case of Sir T. Trowbridge is quoted by Mr. Guthrie. This officer had both feet completely destroyed by round shot at Inkerman, and it was necessary to amputate, on one side at the ankle–joint, on the other in the leg: the use of chloroform enabled the two operations to be performed within a few minutes of each other with perfect success. The amputations were done by the late Director–General of the Army Medical Department. In illustration of the second casualty, the following, which happened to the writer at Alma, may be named. A man of the Grenadier company of the 19th Regiment had a leg smashed by round shot. It was a question whether the fracture of bone extended into the knee–joint. Two superior staff–surgeons were near; a hasty consultation was held, and it was decided that the probabilities were in favor of the joint being intact. Amputation was performed, and the tibia sawn