Each point of suspension is formed of an axis having two sharp concave
edges, upon which rest at right angles two other sharp concave
edges formed in the spur-shaped piece to which the strings carrying
the scale-pan are attached. The two points are adjustable, the one
horizontally, for the purpose of equalising the arms of the beam, and
the other vertically, for bringing the points of suspension and the
fulcrum into a right line.
Such is the form of Troughton’s balance: we shall now give the
description of a balance as constructed by Mr. Robinson of Devonshire
Street, Portland Place:--
The beam of this balance is only ten inches long. It is a frame of
bell-metal in the form of a rhombus. The fulcrum is an equilateral
triangular prism of steel one inch in length; but the edge on which
the beam vibrates is formed to an angle of 120°, in order to prevent
any injury from the weight with which it may be loaded. The chief
peculiarity in this balance consists in the knife-edge which forms
the fulcrum bearing upon an agate plane throughout its whole length,
whereas we have seen in the balance before described that the whole
weight is supported by portions only of the knife-edge, amounting
together to one tenth of an inch. The supports for the scales are
knife-edges each six tenths of an inch long. These are each furnished
with two pressing screws, by means of which they may be made parallel
to the central knife-edge.
Each end of the beam is sprung obliquely upwards and towards the
middle, so as to form a spring through which a pushing screw passes,
which serves to vary the distance of the point of support from the
fulcrum, and, at the same time, by its oblique action to raise or
depress it, so as to furnish a means of bringing the points of support
and the fulcrum into a right line.
A piece of wire, four inches long, on which a screw is cut, proceeds
from the middle of the beam downwards. This is pointed to serve as
an index, and a small brass ball moves on the screw, by changing the
situation of which the place of the centre of gravity may be varied at
pleasure.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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