It would appear then, as far as vaporization is concerned, that the action of the vapour of carbolic acid is not sufficient; in fact, it is sluggish and heavy, whilst chloroform and benzine are volatile and penetrating. The experiment with chloroform appears to prove that the vapour kills the worm, and, as no beetles appeared in the case during the summer, it may be inferred that it _killed all_ the worms within its influence. From the pungency and penetrative action of the benzine, as also its volatile character and the fact that no life in the form of either worm or beetle was manifested in the case in which it was used, it seems fair to infer that it is more effective than even the chloroform. Vaporization on a large scale might be adopted by having a room made as air-tight as possible, stopping up the chimney, pasting the window frames, &c., and placing infected furniture in the room, burning brimstone, or filling the room with fumes of prussic acid, chloroform, or benzine. It would have to be practised at the time when the perfect beetles made their appearance; their destruction at that time involving, of course, the prevention of further injury by their progeny. II. SATURATION. The experiments made with bi-chloride of mercury (corrosive sublimate) and methylated spirits of wine were not so successful as by vaporization, on account of the woodwork when dry (after having been saturated with the solution) having a varnished appearance. No experiment as to the effect of saturation in a solution of corrosive sublimate in water was made: 1st, because of the great risk to delicate carvings or pieces of furniture by their immersion in water, or the bringing up of the grain of the wood by treatment with a brush; and 2nd, because the vaporization by benzine appeared to be quite sufficient to destroy the larvæ. * * * * * Before terminating this chapter, we trust a few words about carvers and carvings will not be out of place. There are two kinds of carvers, the _house carvers_ and the _ship carvers_; the former are used to flat and square surfaces, the latter to the rake or fay, as was the old term. About the period of Louis XIV. Malines was remarkable for its wood carvers, and the inhabitants might be seen sitting at their doors in the streets, plying their art in the same manner as now in many of the German and Swiss towns. Many works of art and decoration of Flemish origin are still preserved in England;[39] the works of Flemish carvers in wood were in great esteem, and there are numerous fine examples in the churches of Norfolk, and other parts of England which may be regarded as their productions. Evelyn remarked that Gibbons came from the Low Countries.