Nothing can evince in a greater degree the necessity of _inspecting_ the execution of all _laws of regulation_ where the well-being of Society is concerned, than the abuses which occur with regard to the two classes just mentioned, namely, Public-houses and Pawnbrokers.--Many excellent rules are established by the Legislature, and the Magistrates; but while it is seldom the interest of the depraved or dishonest part of these two classes to adhere to such rules, by what means is the execution to be insured, so as to operate as a complete protection to the Public?--surely not by the operation of the law through the medium of common informers; since independent of the invidious nature of the office, experience has shewn that the public good rarely enters into the consideration of persons of this description; who look merely to their own emolument, frequently holding up the penalties as a rod by which money is privately extorted, and the parties laid under contribution, for the purpose of allowing them to continue in the practice of those abuses, which the engine used for this nefarious purpose was meant to prevent. The System of Inspection, thus strongly and repeatedly recommended, while it remedied these corrupt practices, by preventing the existence of the evil, could only be disagreeable to _Fraudulent Dealers_. The honest and fair Tradesmen, as things are at present circumstanced, are by no means on an equal footing with men who carry on business by fraudulent devices.--Such fair traders who have nothing to dread, would therefore rejoice at the System of inspection which is proposed, and would submit to it cheerfully; as having an immediate tendency to shield them from fraudulent competition, and to protect the Public against knavery and dishonesty. CHAP. XI. _The prominent Causes of the increase of Crimes reviewed and considered:--Imputable in the first instance to deficient Laws and an ill-regulated Police:--To the unfortunate habits of the lower orders of the People in feeding their families in Ale-houses.--To the bad and immoral Education of Apprentices.--To the number of individuals broke down by misfortunes arising from want of Industry.--To idle and profligate Menial Servants out of place.--To the deplorable state of the lower orders of the Jews of the Dutch and German Synagogue.--To the depraved morals of Aquatic Labourers.--To the Dealers in old Metals--Second-hand Ships' Stores--Rags--Old Furniture--Old Building Materials--Old Apparel: and Cart-keepers for removing these articles.--To disreputable Pawnbrokers.--And finally to ill-regulated Public-houses, and to the Superabundance of these receptacles of idleness and vice.--Concluding Reflections on the evils to the State and the Individual, which arise from the excesses of the Labouring People._