A View of Sir Isaac Newton's PhilosophyPemberton, Henry
Science
A View of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy
Pemberton, Henry
Newton, Isaac, 1642-1727. Principia
8. THIS return of the body may be proved by the following proposition:
that if the body in any place, suppose at I, were to be stopt, and
be thrown directly backward with the velocity, wherewith it was
moving forward in that point I; then the body, by the action of the
centripetal force upon it, would move back again over the path I H B,
in which it had before advanced forward, and would arrive again at the
point B in the same space of time, as was taken up in its passage from
B to I; the velocity of the body at its return to the point B being
the same, as that wherewith it first set out from that point. To give
a full demonstration of this proposition, would require that use of
mathematics, which I here purpose to avoid; but, I believe, it will
appear in great measure evident from the following considerations.
9. SUPPOSE (in fig. 75.) that a body were carried after the following
manner through the bent figure A B C D E F, composed of the straight
lines A B, B C, C D, D E, E F. First let it be moving in the line A B,
from A towards B, with any uniform velocity. At B let the body receive
an impulse directed toward some point, as G, taken within the concavity
of the figure. Now whereas this body, when once moving in the straight
line A B, will continue to move on in this line, so long as it shall be
left to it self; but being disturbed at the point B in its motion by
the impulse, which there acts upon it, it will be turned out of this
line A B into some other straight line, wherein it will afterwards
continue to move, as long as it shall be left to itself. Therefore
let this impulse have strength sufficient to turn the body into the
line B C. Then let the body move on undisturbed from B to C, but at C
let it receive another impulse pointed toward the same point G, and
of sufficient strength to turn the body into the line C D. At D let a
third impulse, directed like the rest to the point G, turn the body
into the line D E. And at E let another impulse, directed likewise to
the point G, turn the body into the line E F. Now, I say, if the body
while moving in the line E F be stopt, and turned back again in this
line with the same velocity, as that wherewith it was moving forward in
this line; then by the repetition of the former impulse at E the body
will be turned into the line E D, and move in it from E to D with the
same velocity as before it moved with from D to E; by the repetition of
the impulse at D, when the body shall have returned to that point, it
will be turned into the line D C; and by the repetition of the other
impulses at C and B the body will be brought back again into the line
B A, with the velocity, wherewith it first moved in that line.
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