A View of Sir Isaac Newton's PhilosophyPemberton, Henry
Science
A View of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy
Pemberton, Henry
Newton, Isaac, 1642-1727. Principia
18. THIS is the case of discontinued fluids, where the body, by
pressing against their particles, drives them before itself, while
the space behind the body is left empty. But in fluids which are
compressed, so that the parts of them removed out of place by the body
resisted immediately retire behind the body, and fill that space, which
in the other case is left vacant, the resistance is still less; for a
globe in such a fluid which shall be free from all elasticity, will
be resisted but half as much as the least resistance in the former
case[126]. But by elasticity I now mean that power, which renders
the whole fluid so; of which if the compressed fluid be possessed,
in the manner of the air, then the resistance will be greater than
by the foregoing rule; for the fluid being capable in some degree
of condensation, it will resemble so far the case of uncompressed
fluids[127]. But, as has been before related, this difference is most
considerable in slow motions.
19. IN the next place our author is particular in determining the
degrees of resistance accompanying bodies of different figures; which
is the last of the three heads, we divided the whole discourse of
resistance into. And in this disquisition he finds a very surprizing
and unthought of difference, between free and compressed fluids.
He proves, that in the former kind, a globe suffers but half the
resistance, which the cylinder, that circumscribes the globe, will
do, if it move in the direction of its axis[128]. But in the latter
he proves, that the globe and cylinder are resisted alike[129]. And
in general, that let the shape of bodies be ever so different, yet if
the greatest sections of the bodies perpendicular to the axis of their
motion be equal, the bodies will be resisted equally[130].
20. PURSUANT to the difference found between the resistance of the
globe and cylinder in rare and uncompressed fluids, our author gives us
the result of some other inquiries of the same nature. Thus of all the
frustums of a cone, that can be described upon the same base and with
the same altitude, he shews how to find that, which of all others will
be the least resisted, when moving in the direction of its axis[131].
And from hence he draws an easy method of altering the figure of any
spheroidical solid, so that its capacity may be enlarged, and yet the
resistance of it diminished[132]: a note which he thinks may not be
useless to ship-wrights. He concludes with determining the solid, which
will be resisted the least that is possible, in these discontinued
fluids[133].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account