A voyage to Senegal : $b or, Historical, philosophical, and political memoirs, relative to the discoveries, establishments and commerce of Europeans in the Atlantic Ocean, from Cape Blanco to the river of Sierra LeoneDurand, Jean Baptiste Léonard
History
A voyage to Senegal : $b or, Historical, philosophical, and political memoirs, relative to the discoveries, establishments and commerce of Europeans in the Atlantic Ocean, from Cape Blanco to the river of Sierra Leone
Durand, Jean Baptiste Léonard
Africa, Northwest; Senegal -- Description and travel
These people in general have no knowledge of the art which is so
revered amongst us, under the name of politics. Though they observe
state formalities, and the custom of sending ambassadors is familiar
to them, either to solicit assistance against a powerful enemy, or
to obtain a mediation on points of difference. These ambassadors,
however, do not occupy themselves with complicated subjects, but
speak only on affairs of the moment; they are every where honoured
and respected, their persons are held sacred, and they generally
go in bodies of five or six together, preceded by a drum, which
announces them at a distance.
Their wars are not better arranged than their politics. Every free
man is a soldier; but no government has troops in its pay. On the
first signal, the army collects and marches; and often, hostilities
which began in the morning, are finished before night. They never
yield a portion of territory, but take or keep all or none. Sometimes
they dethrone a king, and another takes his place; but the territory
always belongs to the people at large. Thus neither the great
nor small states are dismembered, as the commonalty would oppose
such a proceeding, and the chiefs are too wise thus to aggrandise
themselves. Besides, these people do not attach any idea of glory to
their conquests. Their prisoners are slaves, except the princes, who,
as has already been stated, always enjoy their liberty by unanimous
consent: they are given up immediately on certain conditions,
or put to death; the rest are either exchanged or sold.
The ordinary occasions for the wars which almost always prevail
in these countries, are, an insult at the time of a ceremony;
a violent robbery; the injury of a girl, or the attack of a banditti.
In the course of my work I have explained the religion of all these
hordes, as well as their laws relative to polygamy, marriage, and
burial. Polygamy is not only even permitted, but honoured amongst
them, whether Mussulmans or idolaters. The Christians here, as
in Europe, have only one wife. I believe that the custom which
formerly prevailed, of interring several persons alive with the
dead body of a man of quality, is totally abolished.
One of the distinctive characteristics of these people, except such
as reside on the coasts, and for whom commerce has created artificial
wants, is a total indifference towards riches; in consequence of
which hospitality is a common virtue amongst them. Their houses are
open at meal-times, and travellers, whether rich or poor, may enter,
and eat and drink with the family: they may even reside with them, if
they wish so to do, and all their suite is well treated during their
stay, without any recompence being expected. Amongst themselves,
the Negro, who would refuse to divide with his relations, friends,
and neighbours, the produce of his hunting or fishing, would be
held up to public contempt.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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