Let me be understood--I do not mean to say that in social life a woman should not accept the name of her husband. I do not desire to overturn existing customs, and I think it is far more sensible to be “Mrs. Smith” in common social life than to be “Dr. Brown,” which may be the title on the diploma, but all this could easily be left to personal decision. Princess Louise of England will not be called Marchioness of Lorne. Baroness von Essmarsch prefers to be called Frau Doctor (having married Dr. von Essmarsch), and objects to the title of Princess Mecklenberg to which she is entitled, and by which she is addressed, as aunt of the present Empress of Germany. Here love casts aside all titles; nevertheless, it is only as Princess Mecklenberg that she can legally be addressed, or legally be empowered to sell or to give away even a few feet of land. The only signature valid in law is “Princess Mecklenberg, wife of Dr. von Essmarsch.” Throughout Europe, the women in all classes cling more closely to their family names than we do. On visiting cards, one commonly sees “Mrs. Brown, _née_ Miller.” If one wishes to be specially respectful, one addresses in the same way, mentioning both names, the envelope which incloses even a friendly letter to a married woman. And, finally, on the gravestone placed above a deceased married woman, the maiden name is always conspicuously inscribed before the married name. CHAPTER XXXVII _Opening of the Medical School of the Johns Hopkins University to women on equal terms with men--Consultations with Dr. Zakrzewska by women interested in the event--Her report of the attitude of the community towards women surgeons--New building for the Maternity Department of the Hospital (the Sewall Maternity and, later, the Helen Morton Wing)--Opening of the Goddard Home for Nurses--Because of misbehavior of men students, Columbia University of Georgetown closes its doors to women--Dr. Zakrzewska writes on “the Emancipation of Woman: Will it be a Success?” (1888-1894.)_ These were eventful days (1888-1890) for all friends of the advancement of the medical education of women, leading up as they did to the opening to women of the medical school of the Johns Hopkins University in 1890. The same fear of beguilement and subsequent disillusionment which Dr. Zakrzewska had felt regarding the proposed opening to women of the Medical School of Harvard University, away back at the time when the future of the New England Female Medical College hung in the balance, haunted the minds of all workers for the cause of medical women. So many colleges had been opened to women and had then been closed to them, in response to the storm raised by one or another protesting group, that experience had made women feel they must always be on their guard. One of the prominent women of Worcester wrote to Dr. Zakrzewska in 1890: