Turriff is very ancient, being mentioned in the _Book of Deer_, under the name of Turbruad, as the seat of a Celtic monastery dedicated to St Congan, a follower of St Columba. The double belfry of the old church (date 1635) is really a piece of castellated architecture applied to an ecclesiastical edifice. The churchyard gateway is also Early Scottish Renaissance. (pp. 11, 31, 40, 110, 112, 119, 163, 164.) [Illustration: Scotland 19639,377 acres Aberdeenshire 1,261,971 acres Fig. 1. Area of Aberdeenshire compared with that of Scotland ] [Illustration: Scotland 4,472,043 Aberdeenshire 304,439 Fig. 2. Population of Aberdeenshire compared with that of Scotland ] [Illustration: Scotland, 150 Aberdeenshire, 154 Lanarkshire, 1524 Fig. 3. Comparative density of Population to square mile] [Illustration: Fig. 4. Proportion of cultivated and uncultivated areas in Aberdeenshire—practically 50%] [Illustration: Fig. 5. Proportionate area of Crops in Aberdeenshire (1909)] [Illustration: Fig. 6. Proportionate area of Crops, Pasture and Woodlands in Aberdeenshire (1909)] [Illustration: Fig. 7. Proportionate numbers of live-stock in Aberdeenshire (1909)] [Illustration: Scotland 7,423,185 cwts Aberdeeshire 3,563,254 cwts Fig. 8. Quantity of Fish (all kinds) landed in Aberdeenshire as compared with that of Scotland (1909), almost 50% ] [Illustration: Scotland 4,500,000 cwts Aberdeenshire 1,661,768 cwts Fig. 9. Quantity of Herrings landed in Aberdeenshire as compared with that of Scotland (1909) ] Cambridge: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS [Illustration: _The Cambridge University Press_ ] [Illustration: GEOLOGICAL MAP OF COUNTY OF ABERDEEN _Copyright. George Philip & Son L^{td}._ ] Transcriber’s Notes Page 62—changed Pitullie to Pittullie Page 119—changed possesssed to possessed Page 148—changed Sreet to Street Page 164—changed Kenmay to Kemnay Page 164—changed Formartin to Formartine Page 189—changed Glenlivat to Glenlivet