Buchanan, James, nominated by Democrats, see vol. i.; elected President, his character; refers to Dred Scott decision in inaugural address; his recognition of Lecompton Constitution in Kansas; despised by Douglas; accused by Lincoln of plotting to make slavery national; his hard situation in 1860; distracted in body and mind; receives secession commissioners of South Carolina; a Unionist in feeling; his message on secession; wishes to shirk responsibility; declares coercion unconstitutional; ridiculed by Republicans; excuse for his position; declines to receive Southern commissioners; virtually abdicates power to cabinet; denounced by South; forced to appoint Dix to Treasury Department; calls extra session of Senate to aid Lincoln; his futile policy towards Fort Sumter. Buckner, General Simon B., surrenders Fort Donelson, see vol. i. Buell, General D.C., his resemblance in character to McClellan, see vol. i.; refuses to seize East Tennessee; snubbed by McClellan; recommended by Halleck for promotion; takes Nashville; saves battle of Shiloh; allows slave-owners to reclaim fugitives, see vol. ii.; seizes Louisville before Bragg; opposes Halleck's plan to invade Tennessee; resigns. Bull Run, first battle of, see vol. i.; second battle of, see vol. ii. Burlingame, Anson D., hopes that Douglas will join Republicans, see vol. i. Burns, Anthony, seized as a slave in Boston, see vol. i. Burnside, General Ambrose E., commands in North Carolina, see vol. i.; given command of Army of Potomac, see vol. ii.; at Fredericksburg; loses confidence of army; ordered by Lincoln to do nothing without informing him; offers to resign; wishes to dismiss several generals; resigns; his campaign in East Tennessee; relieved by Sherman; alarmed at Copperheads; commands in Ohio; issues order threatening traitors; tries and condemns Vallandigham; comment of Lincoln on; offers resignation. Butler, Benjamin F., takes possession of hill commanding Baltimore, see vol. i.; commands at Fortress Monroe; commands at New Orleans; keeps slaves as "contraband of war", see vol. ii.; "bottled" at Bermuda Hundred. Butterfield, Justin, at Illinois bar, see vol. i. Cadwalader, General George, refuses to liberate Merryman on Taney's writ, see vol. i. Calhoun, John, appoints Lincoln deputy surveyor, see vol. i. Calhoun, John C., his speech on Compromise of 1850, see vol. i. California, annexed, see vol. i.; gold fever in; asks admission as State; prohibits slavery; refusal of South to admit; admitted.