Paris, Comte de, on condition of Union army in 1861, see vol. i.; on McDowell's advance from Washington to aid McClellan, see vol. ii. Patterson, General Robert, commands force in Pennsylvania, see vol. i.; fails to watch Johnston. Payne, Lewis, accomplice of Booth, tried and hanged, see vol. ii. Peace Congress, its composition and action, see vol. i.; repudiated by South. Pea Ridge, battle of, see vol. i. Pemberton, General John C., surrenders Vicksburg, see vol. ii. Pendleton, George H., in House in 1861, see vol. i. Pennsylvania, carried by Democrats in 1862, see vol. ii.; regained by Republicans; renominates Lincoln. Penrose, Captain----, on Lincoln's rashness in entering Richmond, see vol. ii. Perryville, battle of, see vol. ii. Peters,----, refuses to trust a Republican, see vol. i. Phillips, Wendell, remark on nomination of Lincoln, see vol. i.; denounces Lincoln; welcomes secession; upholds right of South to secede; opposes Lincoln's renomination, see vol. ii. Pickens, Fort, relief of, in 1861, see vol. i. Pickens, Governor F.W., sends commissioners to Buchanan regarding dissolution of Union by South Carolina, see vol. i. Pierce, Franklin, elected President, see vol. i.; defeated for renomination. Pierpoint, Francis H., recognized as governor of Virginia, see vol. ii. Pillow, Fort, massacre at, see vol. ii. Pillow, General Gideon J., runs away from Fort Donelson, see vol. i. Pinkerton, Allan, discovers plot to assassinate Lincoln, see vol. i. Plug Uglies, feared in 1861, see vol. i.; mob Massachusetts troops. Polk, James K., carries Illinois in 1844, see vol. i.; brings on Mexican war; his policy attacked by Lincoln's "Spot Resolutions"; asks for two millions to buy territory. Pomeroy, Samuel C., senator from Kansas, see vol. i.; an enemy of Lincoln, see vol. ii.; urges Chase's friends to organize to oppose Lincoln's renomination. Pope, General John, recommended by Halleck for promotion, see vol. i.; prevented by Halleck from fighting; urges recall of McClellan from Peninsula, see vol. ii.; his military abilities; commands Army of Virginia; shows arrogance and lack of tact; fails to cut off Jackson from Lee; insists on fighting; beaten at Bull Run; discredited. Popular sovereignty, doctrine of, in Compromise of 1850, see vol. i.; used by Douglas to justify repeal of Missouri Compromise; theory of, destroyed by Dred Scott decision; attempt of Douglas to reconcile, with Dred Scott case. Porter, General Andrew, favors McClellan's plan of campaign, see vol. i. Porter, David D., takes Powhatan under Lincoln's orders, see vol. i.; refuses to obey Seward's order; aids Grant at Vicksburg, see vol. ii.; confers with Lincoln; upholds Sherman in referring to Lincoln as authorizing Johnston's terms of surrender.