of the necessary inferiority of the later born, and as a confirmation of the utility of breast-feeding for the reduction of birth frequency. Extremely great appears the influence of breast-feeding on infant mortality." [Sidenote: C 74-78] This importance of breast-feeding is further illustrated by Figure C 74--+duration of breast-feeding and infant mortality+, after Dietrich; by Figure C 75--+average number of carious teeth+, after Bunge; and by the three figures, C 76, 77, and 78--"+average duration of breast-feeding and physical development, duration of breast-feeding and average school reports+, and +duration of breast-feeding and frequency of rachitic disturbances of development+," after the extensive and valuable researches by Röse. It must be pointed out that a far more direct connection exists between breast-feeding, duration of suckling, infant mortality and physical development than through the mere provision of suitable nourishment for the child. A good suckling capacity is a symptom of a strong constitution which is transmitted from mother to child. Examination of Röse's table offers this suggestion. [Sidenote: C 79-82] +The importance of the hereditary constitution+ (which he considers is dependent on soil and climate) +as regards infant mortality+ v. Vogel expresses in four maps of Bavaria (Figures 79-82), so which he has furnished the following comments (contained in the pamphlet, "Der Örtliche Stand der Säuglingsterblichkeit in Bayern," Munich, Piloty and Loehle, 1911): "The district of the highest infant mortality in Bavaria is inhabited by a population of small height, small fitness for military service, and high tuberculous mortality. The reverse holds good on the whole for the district with a low mortality. [Illustration: Map of Bavaria Infant mortality in 1901. Figure C 79.]