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Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use: A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and PowerLeeds, F. H. (Frank Henley)

Science

Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use: A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and Power

Name: Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use: A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and Power
Author: Leeds, F. H. (Frank Henley)

Leeds, F. H. (Frank Henley)

Acetylene

raised to 45.34 inches (1150 mm.), no explosion occurred; but when the
pressure was further raised to 59.34 inches (1505 mm., or very nearly two
atmospheres absolute) the acetylene exploded, or dissociated into its
elements.

Acetylene readily polymerises when heated, as has been stated in Chapter
II., where the meaning of the term "polymerisation" has been explained.
The effects of the products of the polymerisation of acetylene on the
flame produced when the gas is burnt at the ordinary acetylene burners
have been stated in Chapter VIII., where the reasons therefor have been
indicated. The chief primary product of the polymerisation of acetylene
by heat appears to be benzene. But there are also produced, in some cases
by secondary changes, ethylene, methane, naphthalene, styrolene,
anthracene, and homologues of several of these hydrocarbons, while carbon
and hydrogen are separated. The production of these bodies by the action
of heat on acetylene is attended by a reduction of the illuminative value
of the gas, while owing to the change in the proportion of air required
for combustion (_see_ Chapter VIII.), the burners devised for the
consumption of acetylene fail to consume properly the mixture of gases
formed by polymerisation from the acetylene. It is difficult to compare
the illuminative value of the several bodies, as they cannot all be
consumed economically without admixture, but the following table
indicates approximately the _maximum_ illuminative value obtainable
from them either by combustion alone or in admixture with some non-
illuminating or feebly-illuminating gas:

 ________________________________________________
|              |                   |             |
|              |                   | Candles per |
|              |                   | Cubic Foot  |
|______________|___________________|_____________|
|              |                   |             |
|              |                   |    (say)    |
| Acetylene    |  C_2H_2           |      50     |
| Hydrogen     |  H_2              |       0     |
| Methane      |  CH_4             |       1     |
| Ethane       |  C_2H_6           |       7     |
| Propane      |  C_3H_8           |      11     |
| Pentane      |  C_5H_12 (vapour) |      35     |
| Hexane       |  C_6H_14     "    |      45     |
| Ethylene     |  C_2H_4           |      20     |
| Propylene    |  C_3H_6           |      25     |
| Benzene      |  C_6H_6  (vapour) |     200     |
| Toluene      |  C_7H_8      "    |     250     |
| Naphthalene  |  C_10H_8     "    |     400     |
|______________|___________________|_____________|

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

Science

Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use: A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and Power

Leeds, F. H. (Frank Henley)

Acetylene

raised to 45.34 inches (1150 mm.), no explosion occurred; but when the
pressure was further raised to 59.34 inches (1505 mm., or very nearly two
atmospheres absolute) the acetylene exploded, or dissociated into its
elements.

Acetylene readily polymerises when heated, as has been stated in Chapter
II., where the meaning of the term "polymerisation" has been explained.
The effects of the products of the polymerisation of acetylene on the
flame produced when the gas is burnt at the ordinary acetylene burners
have been stated in Chapter VIII., where the reasons therefor have been
indicated. The chief primary product of the polymerisation of acetylene
by heat appears to be benzene. But there are also produced, in some cases
by secondary changes, ethylene, methane, naphthalene, styrolene,
anthracene, and homologues of several of these hydrocarbons, while carbon
and hydrogen are separated. The production of these bodies by the action
of heat on acetylene is attended by a reduction of the illuminative value
of the gas, while owing to the change in the proportion of air required
for combustion (_see_ Chapter VIII.), the burners devised for the
consumption of acetylene fail to consume properly the mixture of gases
formed by polymerisation from the acetylene. It is difficult to compare
the illuminative value of the several bodies, as they cannot all be
consumed economically without admixture, but the following table
indicates approximately the _maximum_ illuminative value obtainable
from them either by combustion alone or in admixture with some non-
illuminating or feebly-illuminating gas:

 ________________________________________________
|              |                   |             |
|              |                   | Candles per |
|              |                   | Cubic Foot  |
|______________|___________________|_____________|
|              |                   |             |
|              |                   |    (say)    |
| Acetylene    |  C_2H_2           |      50     |
| Hydrogen     |  H_2              |       0     |
| Methane      |  CH_4             |       1     |
| Ethane       |  C_2H_6           |       7     |
| Propane      |  C_3H_8           |      11     |
| Pentane      |  C_5H_12 (vapour) |      35     |
| Hexane       |  C_6H_14     "    |      45     |
| Ethylene     |  C_2H_4           |      20     |
| Propylene    |  C_3H_6           |      25     |
| Benzene      |  C_6H_6  (vapour) |     200     |
| Toluene      |  C_7H_8      "    |     250     |
| Naphthalene  |  C_10H_8     "    |     400     |
|______________|___________________|_____________|

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use: A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and Power

Acetylene, the Principles of Its Generation and Use: A Practical Handbook on the Production, Purification, and Subsequent Treatment of Acetylene for the Development of Light, Heat, and Power

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