Addison, Joseph, 1672-1719; Authors, English -- 18th century -- Biography
Dryden was quite right. The Court after the Restoration was for the moment
the sole school of manners; and the dramatists only reflected on the stage
the inverted ideas which were accepted in society as the standard of good
breeding. All sentiments founded on reverence for religion or the family
or honourable industry, were banished from the drama because they were
unacceptable at Court. The idea of virtue in a married woman would have
seemed prodigious to Shadwell or Wycherley; Vanbrugh had no scruples in
presenting to an audience a drunken parson in Sir John Brute; the merchant
or tradesman seemed, like Congreve's Alderman Fondlewife, to exist solely
that their wives might be seduced by men of fashion. Addison and his
disciples saw that these unnatural creations of the theatre were the
product of the corruption of society, and that it was men, not
institutions, that needed reform. Steele, always the first to feel a
generous impulse, took the lead in raising the tone of stage morality in a
paper which, characteristically enough, was suggested by some reflections
on a passage in one of his own plays.[76] He followed up his attack by an
admirable criticism, part of which has been already quoted, on Etherege's
_Man in the Mode_, the hero of which, Sir Fopling Flutter, who had long
been the model of young men of wit and fashion, he shows to be "a direct
knave in his designs and a clown in his language."[77]
As usual, Addison improves the opportunity which Steele affords him, and
with his grave irony exposes the ridiculous principle of the fashionable
comedy by a simple statement of fact:
"Cuckoldom," says he, "is the basis of most of our modern plays. If an
alderman appears upon the stage you may be sure it is in order to be
cuckolded. An husband that is a little grave or elderly generally
meets with the same fate. Knights and baronets, country squires, and
justices of the quorum, come up to town for no other purpose. I have
seen poor Dogget cuckolded in all these capacities. In short, our
English writers are as frequently severe upon this innocent, unhappy
creature, commonly known by the name of a cuckold, as the ancient
comic writers were upon an eating parasite or a vainglorious soldier.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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