It is evident, therefore, that competent military men on the spot, and
in full possession of all the facts, considered, as did Farragut, that
with the passage of the forts by the fleet the material probabilities of
success became in favor of the United States forces. The only moral
effect produced was the mutiny of the half-disciplined alien troops that
garrisoned the forts; and surely it will not be contended that any such
wild anticipation as of that prompted Farragut's movement. The officers
of the forts were trained and educated soldiers, who knew their duty and
would not be crushed into submission by adverse circumstances. They
would doubtless have replied, as did the commander of Fort Morgan two
years later, that they looked upon the United States fleet above them as
their prisoners, and they would have held out to the bitter end; but the
end was certain as soon as the fleet passed above them. They had
provisions for two months; then, if not reduced by blows, they must
yield to hunger.
Immediately after the conference with his captains, Farragut issued the
following general order, from which it appears that, while his opinion
remained unchanged as to the expediency of running by the forts, he
contemplated the possibility, though not the probability, of their being
subdued by the fire of the fleet, and reserved to himself freedom to act
accordingly by prescribing a simple signal, which would be readily
understood, and would convert the attempt to pass into a sustained and
deadly effort to conquer:
"UNITED STATES FLAG-SHIP HARTFORD,
MISSISSIPPI RIVER, _April 20, 1862_.
"The flag-officer, having heard all the opinions expressed by the
different commanders, is of the opinion that whatever is to be
done will have to be done quickly, or we shall be again reduced
to a blockading squadron, without the means of carrying on the
bombardment, as we have nearly expended all the shells and fuses
and material for making cartridges. He has always entertained the
same opinions which are expressed by Commander Porter--that is,
there are three modes of attack,[O] and the question is, which is
the one to be adopted? His own opinion is that a combination of
two should be made, viz., _the forts should be run, and when a
force is once above the forts to protect the troops they should
be landed at Quarantine from the Gulf side by bringing them
through the bayou_, and then our forces should move up the
river, mutually aiding each other as it can be done to advantage.
"When in the opinion of the flag-officer the propitious time has
arrived, the signal will be made to weigh and advance to the
conflict. If, in his opinion, at the time of arriving at the
respective positions of the different divisions of the fleet we
have the advantage, he will make the signal for close action, No.
8, and abide the result--conquer or be conquered--drop anchor or
keep under way, as in his opinion is best.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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