_What to do_.--I never, in my life, lost a child with croup with catarrhal croup where I was called in at the _commencement_ of the disease, and where my plans were carried out to the very letter. Let me begin by saying, look well to the goodness and purity of the medicine, for the life of your child may depend upon the medicine being genuine. What medicine! _Ipecacuanha Wine!_ At the earliest dawn of the disease give a few spoonful of Ipecacuanha Wine every five minutes, until free vomiting be exerted. In croup, then, before he be safe, free vomiting _must_ be established, and that without loss of time. If, _after_ the expiration of an hour, the Ipecacuanha Wine (having given during that hour one or two tea-spoonfuls of it every five minutes) be not sufficiently powerful for the purpose--although it generally is so--(_if the Ipecacuanha Wine be good_)--then let the following mixture be substituted-- Take of--Powdered Ipecacuanha, one scruple, Wine of Ipecacuanha, one ounce and a half Make a mixture. One or two tea spoonfuls to be given every five minutes, until free vomiting be excited, first well shaking the bottle. After the vomiting, place the child for a quarter of an hour in a warm bath. [Footnote: See "Warm Baths"--directions and precautions to be observed.] When out of the bath give him small doses of Ipecacuanha Wine every two or three hours. The following is a palatable form for the mixture-- Take of--Wine of Ipecacuanha, three drachms; Simple syrup, three drachms, Water, six drachms Make a Mixture. A tea-spoonful to be taken every two or three hours. But remember the emetic which is given at _first_ is _pure Ipecacuanha Wine, without a drop of either water or of syrup._ A large sponge dipped out of very hot water, and applied to the throat, and frequently renewed, oftentimes affords great relief in croup, and ought during the time the emetic is being administered in all cases to be adopted. If it be a _severe_ case of croup, and does not in the course of two hours yield to the free exhibition of the Ipecacuanha Emetic, apply a narrow strip of _Smith's Tela Vesicularia_ to the throat, prepared in the same way as for a case of inflammation of the lungs (see the Conversation on the _treatment_ of inflammation of the lungs). With this only difference, let it be a narrower strip, only one-half the width there recommended, and apply it to the throat instead of to the chest. If a child has a very short, fat neck, there may not be room for the _Tela_, then you ought to apply it to the _upper_ part of the chest--just under the collar-bones. Let it be understood, the the _Tela Vesicularia_ is not a severe remedy, that the _Tela_ produces very little pain--not nearly so much as the application of leeches; although, in its action, it is much more beneficial, and is not nearly so weakening to the system.