Thus while there is an Afghan race almost identical in physical type, speech, religion and culture, there is none possessing a distinct sense of its unity, with common political sentiments and aspirations. The Duranis, the Ghilzais, the Waziris, the Afridis, the Mongols, Mohmands, Jusufzais and others form so many different communities within the State. Each possesses separate interests, although Ahmed Shah Durani endeavoured to give a national importance to his tribe, not only by changing its name from Abdali to Durani, but also by associating with it other sections--the Jusufzais, Mohmands, Afridis, Shinwaris, Orakzais and Turkolanis--under the common designation of Bar-Duranis. The attempt failed, and these sections still retain their tribal integrity, declining to be fused together; so that, while the peoples of Afghanistan have lost their independence, it cannot be said that they have not preserved their individuality. [Illustration: CHILDREN FROM THE UPPER OXUS _Photo Olufsen_] Whatever the descent of the Afghans may be, the following, a list of the races inhabiting Afghanistan at the present day, represents an endeavour to establish the connections between them. (1) =The Durani tribes are=: 1. Popalzai; 2. Alikuzai; 3. Barakzai; 4. Achakzai; 5. Nurzai; 6. Ishakzai; 7. Khugianis. (2) =The Tarins are divided into=: (_a_) The Spin Tarins. (_b_) The Tor Tarins. =The Spin embrace=: 1. Shadizai; 2. Marpani; 3. Lasran; 4. Adwani. =The Tor include=: 1. Batezai; 2. Haikalzai; 3. Malizai; 4. Kadazai; 5. Khanizai; 6. Khamzai; 7. Alizai; 8. Nurzai; 9. Kalazai; 10. Naezai; 11. Musizai; 12. Abdulrahmanzai; 13. Habilzai; 14. Hamranzai; 15. Karbela; 16. Sezai. (3) =The Kakars are composed of=: 1. Jalazai; 2. Musa Khel; 3. Kadizai; 4. Utman Khel; 5. Abdulazai; 6. Kabizai; 7. Hamzazai; 8. Shabozai; 9. Khidarzai. (4) =The Ghilzais control=: ⎧ Zabr Khel Shahmomalzai. ⎪ Ahmadzai Kaisar Khel. ⎪ Umar Khel Khwazak. Ibrahim ⎨ Adamzai Stanizai. ⎪ Chalozai Ali Khel. ⎩ Chinzai Andar. ⎧ Ohtaki. Turan ⎨ Tokai. ⎩ Hotaki. (5) =The Povindahs comprise=: 1. Lohani; 2. Nasir; 3. Nazai; 4. Kharoti. (6) =The Waziris are made up of=: 1. Mahsud; 2. Utmanzai; 3. Ahmadzai. (7) =Shiranis.= (8) =The Turis are broken up among=: 1. Gundi Khel; 2. Alizai; 3. Mastu Khel; 4. Hamza Khel; 5. Dopazai. (9) =The Zaimukht are represented by=: 1. Mamuzai; 2. Khwahdad Khel. (10) =Orakzais.= (11) =Dawaris.= (12) =Khostwals.= (13) =The Afridis are split into=: 1. Kaki Khel; 2. Malik Din; 3. Kambar; 4. Kamr; 5. Lakha Khel; 6. Aka Khel; 7. Sipahs.