Agricultural pricesWallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard)
Science
Agricultural prices
Wallace, Henry A. (Henry Agard)
Agriculture -- Statistics; Farm produce; Prices
This formula is converted back into percentage departures from the
secular trend modified seasonally, and finally into hog prices as
affected by hog receipts. The supply price of hogs as compared with the
actual is shown in Chart VII.
[Illustration:
Chart VI—Dotted line is the demand price of hogs, based on bank
clearings. Irregular solid line is actual price, and straight line
is secular trend.
]
[Illustration:
Chart VII—Dotted line is supply price of hogs, based on receipts at
Chicago. Irregular solid line is actual price, and straight line is
secular trend.
]
[Illustration:
Chart VIII—Dotted line is supply-and-demand price of hogs, based on
bank clearings and hog receipts. Irregular solid line is actual
price.
]
Using the longer formula on page 89, we get: Hog prices equal .56 bank
clearings minus .56 hog receipts. Or converted into percentage
departures from the secular trend corrected seasonally: .90 of bank
clearings in percentage departures minus .51 of hog receipts in
percentage departures equals the percentage which hog prices depart from
their secular corrected seasonally. For instance, in January, 1903, bank
clearings were 8 per cent above the secular corrected seasonally, and
hog receipts were 5 per cent below. Eight times .90 plus 5 times .51
gives 9.7 as the percentage which we would expect hog prices to be over
their secular corrected seasonally. The secular for January, 1903, was
$5.19; 9.7 per cent of $5.19 gives 50 cents. The secular corrected
seasonally for January, 1903, is $4.98. Add 50 cents to $4.98 and we get
$5.48 as the price which we would have expected heavy hogs to sell at
Chicago in January, 1903, on the basis of good business and small hog
receipts. Actually, hogs sold for $6.60, or $1.12 over the price
predicted by formula.
This is done for all the months from 1903 to 1916, and the
supply-and-demand price of hogs, as derived from hog receipts at Chicago
and bank clearings outside of New York is charted in Chart VIII, in
comparison with the actual prices.
PREDICTING THE FUTURE OF HOG PRICES
We assume that at the present time, and probably for some time to come,
we are on a basis of 90 per cent above 1913 for hog prices, and 100 per
cent over 1913 in bank clearings. This conclusion is based to some
extent on the reasoning presented in the June monthly supplement of the
Harvard Review of Economic Statistics for the year 1919.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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