Airopaidia : $b Containing the narrative of a balloon excursion from Chester, the eighth of September, 1785, taken from minutes made during the voyage; hints on the improvement of balloons ... To which is subjoined, mensuration of heights by the barometer, made plain; with extensive tables. The whole serving as an introduction to aërial navigation.Baldwin, Thomas
History
Airopaidia : $b Containing the narrative of a balloon excursion from Chester, the eighth of September, 1785, taken from minutes made during the voyage; hints on the improvement of balloons ... To which is subjoined, mensuration of heights by the barometer, made plain; with extensive tables. The whole serving as an introduction to aërial navigation.
Baldwin, Thomas
Aeronautics -- Early works to 1900; Balloons -- Early works to 1800
214. It has been already noted, that at a certain Height, a Kind of
+chilliness+ was perceived, not ascertainable by the Thermometer.
The Sensation was _suddenly_ impressed four Times, in ascending and
descending to and from the same Height, viz. about 26 and 27 Inches,
equivalent to between 500 and 1000 Yards above the Surface of the Earth
at the first Ascent.
From the Uniformity of Effect at the same Height; the Sensation may be
ascribed to the same Cause, viz. the Level of the first or lower Tier
of Clouds: altho’ the Aironaut did not pass throu’ any visible Cloud
or Vapour, during the Excursion. See Section 93.
[Sidenote: Remarkable Appearances of Earth and Clouds.]
215. At the same Height likewise, tho’ the Observations have not been
set down at large; the Appearances of the Earth and Clouds were very
remarkable.
During the Ascent of the Balloon, between the Altitudes of 26 and 27
Inches; the _circular_ Prospects of the subjàcent Earth _instantly_
contracted, and, during the Descent, about the same Height, _instantly_
enlarged themselves to the Eye of the Aironaut.
216. At the same Height mentioned before, the _circular_ Prospects of
the Clouds appeared on the same horizontal Plane with the Eye: tho’ at
the Distance of a Mile. See Section 49.
In _this_ Situation, the Observer endeavoured to discover the Thickness
of the _Stratum_ of Clouds: but was always baffled by a Deception of
Sight worth recording.
The _Strata_ were plainly composed of three or more Heights of Clouds,
_sailing_ at great Intervals, one above the other: all which regularly
_vanished_, as he approached their respective Levels: as if _instantly_
thrown into the Circumference of a Circle, whose Radius was a Mile.
During the Ascent, in passing their supposed Level, the Clouds
_instantly_ appeared _far below_ him: and during the Descent, as far
_above_.
217. Quere: Is it not from the same Cause, that all Vapour is
_generally_ invisible to a certain Height and Distance from the Eye?
It being incontrovertible that more Vapours rise about +noon+, than
at any other Hour, particularly at Sea, while the Sun continues to
_shine_; which, notwithstanding, are wholly _invisible_, till arrived
at a _certain_ Height?
[Sidenote: Visibility of Vapours by mere Distance.]
And hence the Visibility of Vapours by _mere_ Distance, which contains
a sufficient Number of Particles to intercept and refract the Light,
without Cold, Condensation, or _actual_ Accumulation: viz. by
Refrangibility of those primary Rays of Light, which Air and Vapour
united are most _apt_ to reflect or transmit.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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