Alcuin of York : $b Lectures delivered in the cathedral church of Bristol in 1907 and 1908Browne, G. F. (George Forrest)
Religion
Alcuin of York : $b Lectures delivered in the cathedral church of Bristol in 1907 and 1908
Browne, G. F. (George Forrest)
Alcuin, 735-804
Ethelbert, or Albert, master of the School of York and afterwards
archbishop, took Alcuin with him as a tonsured youth on one of his visits
to France and Rome, and on that occasion he appears to have studied for
a short time in French monasteries. The first letter of his that has
come down to us is a letter to the abbat of St. Martin at Tours, where
he was destined to spend the latest years of his life, about a fugitive
monk whom he had rescued; it was written some eight years before he first
settled in France. On his return from this journey he was ordained deacon
by Albert, probably in 768, when he would be about thirty-five years of
age. He was sent again to Italy by Albert, on a mission to Karl, the
king of the Franks, and it would appear that Karl noticed him favourably.
All this time he was working hard as master of the School of York. In
780 the new archbishop of York sent him late in the year to Rome for the
pallium, and on his way back he again met Karl, at Parma, and Karl asked
him to settle in France. He obtained leave of absence from York, and
joined Karl in 782. His definite work was to govern the school at which
the youths at the court of Karl, including Karl’s own sons, were taught;
the king himself often being present as a learner. He then planned for
Karl a number of schools in various parts of the country, all based on
the model of the Palace school, which he had organized on the plan of the
School of York. Then he took in hand the correction of the service-books,
which had become seriously debased by ignorant copyists; his liturgical
work produced such an effect that the service-books of the Middle Ages
owed more to Gallican than to Roman influences. Tradition tells us that
Alcuin himself wrote the Office for Trinity Sunday, at that time not
fixed as now to a particular day. He found that the Holy Scriptures
themselves had become debased by the same process of ignorant copying of
manuscripts, and in his later years he was set by Karl to take seriously
in hand the revision of the Scriptures. From 790 to 792 he had lived in
Northumbria; but the aggression of heresy in Karl’s dominions had called
him away again, and he had never returned. He was about fifty-eight years
old when he finally left England, and he died in 804, at the age of
sixty-nine.
The tendency towards attempting to define and explain the method in
which Almighty power conducts its operations was a marked tendency of
Alcuin’s time. He combated it, on sound principles. The whole matter,
for example, of the union of the two natures in Christ, he reminded his
readers, was supernatural; therefore, it could not be fitly measured by
human analogies. To deny the perfect union of the two perfect natures in
one Person was to impugn the Divine omnipotence; to claim to understand
and to define the method and manner of the union was to impugn the
infiniteness of the mystery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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