[58] A bearded woman having an irregular double set of teeth. See "Animals and Plants," ii. 328. [59] The letter to which this is a reply is missing. It evidently refers to Wallace's belief in the paramount importance of protection in the evolution of colour. _See also_ Darwin's letter of February 26, 1867. [60] _Menura superba._ See "The Descent of Man" (1901), p. 687. Rhynchæa, mentioned on p. 184, is discussed in the "Descent," p. 727. The female is more brightly coloured than the male and has a convoluted trachea, elsewhere a masculine character. There seems some reason to suppose that "the male undertakes the duty of incubation." [61] _Westminster Review_, July, 1867. [62] _Angræcum sesquipedale_, a Madagascar orchid, with a whip-like nectary, 11 to 12 in. in length, which, according to Darwin ("Fertilisation of Orchids," 2nd Edit., p. 163), is adapted to the visits of a moth with a proboscis of corresponding length. He points out that there is no difficulty in believing in the existence of such a moth as F. Müller had described (_Nature_, 1873, p. 223), a Brazilian sphinx-moth with a trunk 10 to 11 in. in length. Moreover, Forbes had given evidence to show that such an insect does exist in Madagascar (_Nature_, 1873, p. 121). The case of _Angræcum_ was put forward by the Duke of Argyll as being necessarily due to the personal contrivance of the Deity. Mr. Wallace shows (p. 476, _Quarterly Journal of Science_, 1867) that both proboscis and nectary might be increased in length by means of Natural Selection. It may be added that Hermann Müller has shown good grounds for believing that mutual specialisation of this kind is beneficial both to insect and to plant. [63] "Variation of Animals and Plants," 1st Edit., ii. 431. "Did He cause the frame and mental qualities of the dog to vary in order that a breed might be formed of indomitable ferocity, with jaws fitted to pin down the bull for man's brutal sport?" [64] _See_ Wallace, _Quarterly Journ. of Sci._, 1867, pp. 477-8. He imagined an observer examining a great river system, and finding everywhere adaptations which reveal the design of the Creator. "He would see special adaptations to the wants of man in the broad, quiet, navigable rivers, through fertile alluvial plains, that would support a large population, while the rocky streams and mountain torrents were confined to those sterile regions suitable for a small population of shepherds and herdsmen."