[Illustration: THE LANDING AT THE BATTERY IN NEW YORK] [Illustration: _From copyright stereograph, 1907, by Underwood & Underwood, New York_ THE INFLOWING TIDE] [Illustration: RACES OF IMMIGRANTS FISCAL YEAR 1905 FIGURES ON THE MAP REPRESENT THE NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS OF THE RACES NAMED COMING FROM EACH COUNTRY INDICATED, WHILE THE FIGURES ON THE BARS REPRESENT THE TOTAL NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS OF THE RACES NAMED COMING FROM ALL COUNTRIES. THE COLOR ON MAP INDICATES APPROXIMATELY REGIONS OF THE RACIAL GRAND DIVISIONS WHERE THE TERMS "BOHEMIAN," "BULGARIAN," "CROATIAN," AND "DALMATIAN" ARE USED, THEY REFER TO "BOHEMIAN AND MORAVIAN," "BULGARIAN, SERVIAN, AND MONTENEGRIN," "CROATIAN AND SLOVENIAN," AND "DALMATIAN, BOSNIAN, AND HERZEGOVINIAN."] * * * * * FOOTNOTES: [1] J. D. Whelpley, _The Problem of the Immigrant_, 2. [2] Entrance Port for Immigrants at New York. [3] The total immigration into the United States for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1906, was 1,100,735. [4] For table showing immigration for each year from 1820 to 1905, see Appendix A. [5] Now known as the Battery. See footnote 1, p. 54. [6] _City Mission Monthly_, April, 1902. [7] Those who are interested in this feature can trace--by examining the table in the Appendix which gives the immigration by years since 1820--the relation between prosperity and immigration. The effect of the panics of 1837, 1843, 1873, 1893, and the depression caused by the Civil War, will be seen clearly in the immigration totals. This subject is treated in _Immigration_, 17 ff. [8] Published in _Baptist Home Mission Monthly_ for July, 1906. [9] Hamilton Holt, _Undistinguished Americans._ [10] The Swedish _krone_ (kro-ne) has a value of about 27 cents. [11] Broughton Brandenburg, _Imported Americans_, 37. [12] Prescott F. Hall, _Immigration_, 3, 4. [13] The park and piers at the southern end of New York City, formerly known as Castle Garden. [14] Samuel E. Moffett, _Review of Reviews_, July, 1903. [15] It is good to know that the reception conditions, so far as the Government is concerned, have been made as favorable as present accommodations will allow, and enlargement is already projected. Since the Federal Government finally took charge of immigration in 1882, great improvement has been made in method and administration. The inspection is humane, prompt, and on the whole kindly, although entrance examinations are as much dreaded by the average immigrant as by the average student. Commissioner Watchorn, an admirable man for his place, insists upon kindness, and want of it in an employee is cause for dismissal. Ellis Island affords an excellent example of carefully adjusted details and thorough system, whereby with least possible friction thousands of aliens are examined in a day, and pronounced fit or unfit to enter the country. The process is too rapid, however, to give each case the attention which the best interests of the country demand.