All about coffeeUkers, William H. (William Harrison)
History
All about coffee
Ukers, William H. (William Harrison)
Coffee; Coffee Industry; Drinking customs
As is usual in most of the coffee species, caffein is present. The
amount appears to be, on an average, somewhat larger (even
exceeding 2.0 percent) than in the South American coffee species.
In no instance, however, did the amount exceed the maximum limits
observed in coffee in general....
Due to its rapid growth, early and prolific yield, resistance to
coffee blight, and many other desirable qualities, _Coffea robusta_
has established "its own". In the writers' judgment, _robusta_
coffee deserves consideration and recognition.
Among the _robusta_ varieties, _Coffea canephora_ is a distinct species,
well characterized by growth, leaves, and berries. The branches are
slender and thinner than _robusta_; the leaves are dark green and
narrower; the flowers are often tinged with red; the unripe berries are
purple, the ripe berries bright red and oblong. The produce is like
_robusta_, only the shape of the bean, somewhat narrower and more
oblong, makes it look more attractive. _Coffea canephora_, like _C.
robusta_, seems better fitted to higher altitudes.
Other _canephora_ varieties include:
_Madagascar_, having small, slightly striped, bright red berries and
small round beans;
_Quillouensis_, having dark green foliage and reddish brown young
leaves; and,
_Stenophylla Paris_, with purplish young berries.
These last two named were under test at the Bangelan gardens in 1919.
Among other allied _robusta_ species are:
_Ugandae_:, whose produce is said to possess a better flavor than
_robusta_;
_Bukobensis_, different from _Ugandae_ in the color of its berries, which
are a dark red; and
_Quillou_, having bright red fruit, a copper-colored silver skin, three
pounds of fruit producing one pound of market coffee. Some people prefer
_Quillou_ to _robusta_ because of the difference in the taste of the
roasted bean.
_Some Interesting Hybrids_
The most popular hybrid belongs to a crossing of _liberica_ and
_arabica_. Cramer states that the beans of this hybrid make an excellent
coffee combining the strong taste of the _liberica_ with the fine flavor
of the old Government Java _(arabica_), adding:
The hybrids are not only of value to the roaster, but also to the
planter. They are vigorous trees, practically free from leaf
disease; they stand drought well and also heavy rains; they are not
particular in regard to shade and upkeep; never fail to give a fair
and often a rather heavy crop. The fruit ripens all the year
around, and does not fall so easily as in the case of _arabica_.
Among other hybrids (many were still under trial in 1919) may be
mentioned: _Coffea excelsia x liberica_; _C. Abeokutae x liberica_; _C.
Dybowskii x excelsa_; _C. stenophylla x Abeokutae_; _C. congensis x
Ugandae_; _C. Ugandae x congensis_; and _C. robusta x Maragogipe_.
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