Tufted or depressed-prostrate, branches 2—5 inches high, the twigs smooth or nearly so. Leaves thin, obovate, crenulate, conspicuously reticulate-veined, ½—1 inch long, ⅓ as wide. Flowers few, appearing before or with the leaves from scaly buds; corolla ¼ of an inch long, white, ovoid, constricted at the throat; berry bright scarlet. Growing in moss on the wooded slopes throughout the Rockies, flowering in May and early June. [Sidenote: =Cassiope Mertensiana= (Bong.) Don. _White Heath._] Rather stout with rigid, ascending, woody, much branched stems, a foot or less high. Leaves ½ an inch long, smooth, not furrowed on the back, closely crowded in 4-ranks. Flowers pure white, nodding, campanulate, ¼ of an inch long with 5 deeply cut obtuse spreading lobes, on smooth peduncles half an inch or less long, near the tips of the apparently 4-sided stems; calyx smooth, usually red, making the bell-like flowers appear red and white. Throughout the region at the higher elevations, frequently carpeting the ground; flowering in late June and early July. [Sidenote: =Phyllodoce glanduliflora= (Hook.) Coville. _White False-heather._] Stems rather rigid, much branched, 3—12 inches high. Leaves numerous and crowded but spreading, linear, oblong, obtuse, ¼—½ an inch long, thick, leathery with a white line through the centre below and deeply furrowed above, the margins thick and rough. Flowers ovoid, glandular throughout, less than ¼ of an inch long, much contracted at the throat, short-lobed, on glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long at the ends of the branches. In alpine meadows and woods at the higher elevations throughout the region; flowering during June and early July, often in clumps of considerable size. [Sidenote: =Phyllodoce intermedia= (Hook.) Rydb. _Pink False-heather._] Much branched, from a more or less decumbent base, 6—12 inches high. Leaves linear, ¼—½ an inch long, obtuse, leathery, with thickened revolute, slightly glandular-toothed margins. Flowers pale pink, ¼ of an inch long, urn-shaped, slightly contracted at the throat, with 5 spreading lobes; at the ends of the branches on glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long; calyx slightly glandular; corolla smooth; slightly fragrant. Throughout the region growing in the same situations as the other heathers, and often associated with them, perhaps a hybrid; flowering in late June and through July. [Illustration: _a_ Phyllodoce empetriformis (Smith) Don. Red False-Heather. _b_ Phyllodoce glanduliflora (Hook.) Rydb. White False-Heather. _c_ Cassiope Mertensiana (Bong.) Don. (¾ Nat.)] [Sidenote: =Phyllodoce empetriformis= (Smith) D. Don. _Red False-heather._]