The protoplasm of the pseudopods of _Difflugia_ is thick and the power
of contractility highly developed, for the pseudopods readily move about
in the water like a tentacle. The demarcation line between ectoplasm and
endoplasm is very difficult to see, consequently no definite idea can be
given as to the thickness of the ectoplasm. When a pseudopod is being
extended the whole contents seem to move at about the same rate as the
pseudopod advances, differing thus from amebas, in the pseudopods of
which the central core of the endoplasmic stream flows considerably
faster than the tip of the pseudopod advances through the water. But
when a large pseudopod is cut off from a _Difflugia_ it is able to move
after the manner of an ameba without a nucleus (Verworn, ’94).
In heliozoans protoplasmic streaming is quite different from that in
ameba or _Difflugia_. The pseudopods are usually straight, radiating
from the central body. They possess usually a central axial rod of
condensed or strongly gelatinized protoplasm around which is a layer of
thick protoplasm with the properties of ectoplasm. Heliozoans for the
most part move slowly; in fact many of them are pelagic and in these the
power of locomotion on a solid substratum is very slow. There is however
one species, _Acanthocystis ludibunda_, which, according to Penard
(’04), can move twenty times its diameter in one minute by rolling. This
illustrates a highly developed power of contractility in the pseudopods
of this organism, for since only about one-fifth of the circumference
can be in contact with the solid substratum, the pseudopods must attach
themselves, contract so as to pull the _Acanthocystis_ along, and relax
their hold, all in the space of two seconds.
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