I forward you a few mineral specimens characteristic of
Staten-Island, including native carbonate of magnesia, in acicular
crystals. I discovered this new form and locality of magnesia in
examining the strata exhibited in an excavation now making, under
the delusive expectation of finding gold, about three miles from
the Quarantine. In descending the shaft, sunk perpendicularly in
steatite, magnesite, veins of talc, and green translucent asbestus
were observed at depths from six to thirty-five feet. The magnesite
was found to embrace veins and cavities containing native carbonate
of magnesia, in very white acicular crystals, grouped in minute
fibres radiating from the sides, but not always filling the veins
and cavities. The crystals were, in some instances, suspended,
assuming a stalactical form. This carbonate of magnesia dissolves
entirely in diluted sulphuric acid, with considerable effervescence
and chemical action, producing a bitter compound, from which salts
of easy solution are formed by evaporation. The magnesite in which
these crystals are found, appears to be composed of carbonate of
magnesia, steatite, and talc, disintegrating readily upon exposure
to air and moisture: it effervesces considerably in sulphuric acid,
forming a very bitter fluid that soon exhibits crystals, indicating
that magnesia enters in large proportion into its constitution.
Magnesite may perhaps be found at this place in quantity sufficient
for a successful manufacture of Epsom salts. Small regular
hexaedral crystals of mica, were noticed in steatite. Chromate of
iron was sparingly diffused through the different minerals raised
from various depths.
A few remarks and facts respecting the geology and mineralogy of
Staten-Island, may, perhaps, give some additional interest to the
specimens presented.
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