The hills of the _Taconick_ range, (A[49]) on which passes the line between Massachusetts and New-York, have generally an elevation from twelve hundred to fourteen hundred feet; _Pownal Mountain_ (B) on the north, about fourteen hundred; and _Oak hill_ (D) on the northeast, twelve hundred feet above the east college (C.) _Saddle Mountain_ (EF) is an insulated mass, separated from the Taconick range by the valley of Williamstown, and from Hoosack Mountain, by the valley in Adams. It lies about south southwest, and is nearly eight miles in length, and two in breadth. It is composed of two ranges, the eastern and highest (FG) being in Adams. The mountain has its name from two of its peaks, which present at a distance the appearance of the two elevations of a _saddle_. The west range (E) is divided into _two parts_ quite to its base, which with the slope of the east range encloses, on three sides, an irregular hollow, called the _Hopper_.(H) The northern part (E) of the west range is nearly two miles in length, and rises to the height of eighteen hundred feet; the southern (I) rises abruptly into a peak of the elevation of seventeen hundred feet. The height of the valley between the two ranges is about fourteen hundred feet. You enter the _Hopper_ from the west, passing along a branch of Green River, and a romantic, wild, and sublime prospect opens before you. Nearly east of the entrance into the Hopper, lies the highest point of the Saddle, familiarly called _Gray Lock_, (F) being about twenty-eight hundred feet above the college, and probably four thousand feet above the _tide-water_ of the Hudson at Troy. This is the highest land in Massachusetts. About two miles north northeast, is the northern peak (G) elevated twenty-three hundred feet. The valley in Adams is bounded on the east by Hoosack mountain, (K) elevated from fourteen hundred to eighteen hundred feet, and extending several miles west of south: it forms a part of the range which commences at _West Rock_ in Connecticut. The country included in this sketch is principally _primitive_; lying on the west of the summit of the primitive range, which passes southerly into Connecticut. The rocks and minerals will be mentioned in the following order. 1. _Granite._ A few pieces have been found at the foot of Oak hill, one mile northeast of the college. It consists principally of feldspar. Four miles east, are large masses of granite on both sides of the Hoosack, and on ascending Hoosack mountain they become more numerous. The principal part of this is quartz, often of a purple colour; the mica black, and the rocks exceedingly hard. I have never noticed any minerals imbedded in it. The vortex of Pownal mountain is also granitic.